Flies are one of the few downsides to summer, but having the best fly spray for horses makes a huge difference in the battle to keep flies off horses. Insects aren't just a pest – some of their bites can cause reactions, infection, and constant itching, so it's crucial to keep your horse protected.

By investing in a high-quality option, like our selection below, you won't have to keep reapplying or worry about insects bothering your horse. You don't have to spend a fortune either – some of these can be diluted with water to make them stretch further and last longer.

To help you pick the best option, the experts over at our sister site Horse & Hound have rounded up their top picks below after thorough research and testing. Keep reading to find out why they voted the Farnam Tri-Tec 14 as the winner!

The best fly spray for horses

Photos from testing

Other fly sprays for horses to consider

Leovet Power Phaser Fly Spray

Crowned as the best fly spray for horses by the Horse&Hound team, we highly recommend this product if you can get your hands on it.

The only reason it didn’t make the top five is because it’s not readily available in the US, unfortunately. Alex said it’s one of the best sprays she’s ever used, thanks to the reliable formula that withstood hacks on warm evenings and schooling on cooler mornings, and prevented any insects from bothering her horses.

However, she did notice that the spray came off when her horses sweated a lot, and that the smell was strong and noticeable.

How we tested the best fly sprays for horses

These products were tested by Georgia Guerin (Editor of PetsRadar and Head of Ecommerce at Horse&Hound) and Alex Robinson (Showing Editor at Horse&Hound) for a minimum of three weeks.

When reviewing the products, the following criteria were kept in mind:

• Effectiveness: How well did the product repel and kill insects?
• Longevity: How long did the spray work before needing reapplication? Did it withstand sweat and harsh weather conditions?
• Application: How easy was the formula to apply?
• Scent: Did it have any unpleasant smells worth noting?
• Value for money: Is it affordable and worth the price tag?
• Packaging: Is it leak-proof and durable?

For more information about our processes, read how PetsRadar tests and how Horse&Hound tests.

Who tested the best fly sprays for horses?

How to choose the best fly spray for horses

With so many options on the market, it can be difficult to know which fly spray to choose. To help you make an informed decision, we asked veterinarian Dr. Lisa Coder for her advice:

She says: "When choosing a fly spray, there are many factors to consider. Oil based sprays last longer, but can be more drying or irritating to horses who have sensitive skin.

"Water based sprays are much gentler on the skin, but do not hold up against sweat, rain, or rinsing. Neither spray will last if a horse is bathed with soap.

"All natural products often use essential oils and other natural plant oils as repellents. These products are generally not as effective, and will need to be reapplied more frequently. Be sure to check with your veterinarian, as some essential oils can be toxic to horses."

Here’s a reminder of the best fly sprays for horses that we recommend:

What's the best way to keep flies off horses?

We know that the best fly sprays for horses keep those irritating insects at bay, but are there any other methods you can try as well? We asked Dr Coder for her thoughts.

She says, "The best way to keep flies off of horses is to reduce the flies in your facility. This means keeping stable areas clean and dry, removing feces daily at a minimum, and keeping stall waste as far from horse areas as possible.

"Another way to prevent flies on horses is to keep a barrier between your horse and the flies. This can be in the form of fly sheets and boots, screens on barn and stall doors, and use of facility fly sprays."

How often should you spray horses for flies?

When it comes to protecting your horse from insects, you might wonder how often you need to reapply the spray. According to Dr Coder, this all depends on:

• The type of spray used
• Other protections your horse has against flies
• How often your horse sweats
• How often your horse is bathed

Read next: Best fly rugs for horses and tips for taking care of your horse

Edited by Georgia Guerin and Alexis De Leaver.

If you're looking for the best dog toothpaste, you've come to the right place. Below, we've rounded up five options that will keep your dog's teeth in tip-top condition and freshen up their breath.

To make things simple for you, we've selected just one toothpaste as our winner, along with four alternative products, such as water additives or chews that can make a big difference to your dog's oral health.

Following a dental routine is one of the most important things you can do for your pup, but if they hate having their teeth cleaned, these alternatives can come in handy. Keep in mind, though, that you won't get the full effects like you would with the best toothbrush for dogs.

Expert vet Dr. Rebecca MacMillan explains: "I believe that nothing replaces the physical act of toothbrushing, but some of these other products can be a useful aid, especially in dogs that are not compliant."

As recommended, we've only included products that are approved by the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC), which means they've been tested and verified under clinical trials. Here are five products we think are great:

The best dog toothpastes 2026

Other dog toothpastes to consider

We've only included VOHC-recommended products in the list above, but you might also want to consider...

How we tested the best dog toothpaste

Before choosing and testing the best dog toothpaste, it was important that we consulted our in-house vet Dr. MacMillan first. She explained which ingredients to avoid – such as fluoride and sweeteners – and recommended products approved by the VOHC.

After hours of research, we selected five options that met these criteria to try on our own dogs, and I asked our testers the following questions:

Taste: Does your dog like the taste? Does the taste encourage your dog to accept brushing?

Effectiveness: Does the product help to freshen your dog's breath? Have you noticed a difference in plaque and tartar buildup in dogs?

User experience: Is the product easy to work with? Does it work well with toothbrushes (if applicable)?

Value for money: Would you buy this product again? Is it worth the money based on quality and quantity?

Here's more information on how we test.

How to choose the best dog toothpaste

Flavor
When choosing the best dog toothpaste, it's important to consider the flavor and pick one that your dog will enjoy. This will help your pooch to build a positive association with brushing their teeth and make it a good experience for both of you.

Ingredients
You'll want to avoid ingredients, like fluoride, sweeteners, and foaming agents, which can be harmful to your dog. You won't find any of these in the products listed above.

Alternatives
Once you've aced your dog's toothbrushing routine, you might want to consider buying additional dental products, like powders and treats. These can contribute to healthy teeth, gums, and overall health, and we've suggested some brilliant options above that are approved by vet professionals.

Can I use human toothpaste on dogs?

Can you use regular toothpaste on dogs? No, you should never use human toothpaste on your dog as they contain potentially harmful ingredients. Dr. MacMillan has explained what they are below:

Fluoride: "Fluoride should not be consumed regularly or in large quantities, as it can cause discoloration and wear of the teeth and bone abnormalities, amongst other issues. Too much fluoride is also bad for humans, which is the reason why we spit our toothpaste after brushing. Dogs are not able to do this, however, meaning they will consume most of the paste. They also don’t particularly suffer from cavities, like we do, so fluoride is not a necessary part of their oral care."

Xylitol: "Some human toothpastes contain xylitol which is an artificial sweetener. This ingredient is extremely dangerous to dogs. It causes the dog to release a large amount of insulin making their blood sugar levels plummet, leading to collapse, tremors, and seizures. Xylitol is also found in many other human products like sugar-free gum, medications, and sugar-free sweets."

Foaming agents: "Human toothpaste contains foaming agents, giving us a satisfying froth while we brush our teeth. Ingredients like sodium lauryl sulfate are not meant to be swallowed, which again is why we spit our paste out. Dogs will just swallow their paste during brushing, which could be problematic if you were using a human paste."

Dr. MacMillan adds that the minty taste can be off-putting for dogs, leading them to build a negative association with brushing.

If you're tempted to make homemade dog toothpaste, our vet has explained why it's not a good idea in this guide.

Is dog toothpaste safe?

Yes, dog toothpaste is safe. Dr. MacMillan assures that as long as it's made by a reputable manufacturer and is designed specifically for pets, it's absolutely fine to use on your dog!

She says: "If you want assurance about their safety, as well as their effectiveness, I recommend that owners buy a product recommended by The Veterinary Oral Health Council. These products have been approved by a team of veterinary dentists and given the VHOC seal of approval.

"As well as toothpaste, you can find a range of other products to complement your toothbrushing regime, such as dental chews and diets. You should view any dental products being plugged on social media with suspicion; many make wild claims that are not founded on evidence. Speak to your vet for further advice on the best toothpaste to use for your dog."

For more dental advice, read our guide to healthy dog gums and how to clean a dog's teeth without brushing.

Your dog may not know what Christmas is, but that's no reason not to buy them one of the best Christmas gifts for dogs – they’re part of the family, after all. I love to buy my dog a Christmas present (or two) each year and stick on one of my favorite dog Christmas movies.

Watching a dog unwrap something is delightful (just be sure they don't eat any of the tape or paper). Retailers everywhere bring out festive dog treats, jumpers, hats and toys so your dog can get into the Christmas spirit as much as you do – and I’ve picked out some of my favourites!

The best Christmas gifts for dogs 2026

How to choose the best feative gifts for dogs

Price

When purchasing a present for your pet, the price can be important unless you have endless pots of money – and most of us don’t. Most of these gifts have been chosen with a lower budget in mind, with more than half falling under the $20 mark.

While it can be fun to treat your pooch to something for Christmas every year, it's worth getting them something they will use again each year that gets them involved in the Christmas traditions – they are a member of the family after all.

Put a ceiling on how much you want to spend before you start looking for a gift. But, ultimately, the choice of how much you want to spend is yours.

Suitability

Will they like it? The purpose of a gift is to give your pet something that you think they will like. If your pet is a fussy eater, perhaps avoid treats with flavorings like ginger or cinnamon, as these flavors may be unpleasant for your pooch. Do they care for squeaky toys or are they more interested in cuddly plush teddies? Also consider the size of your dog and whether the product is designed for an animal of their size.

Not found the perfect gift yet? How about one of the best Advent calendars for dogs or check out our round-up of Black Friday dog deals for a bargain! Or if you’ve got a cat, we’ve selected the best Christmas gifts for cats, too.

The best dog beds for chewers are well worth the investment if you have a pup who loves nothing more than sinking their teeth into their favorite sleep spot!

But, why do dogs chew their beds we hear you ask? Well, there are lots of different reasons that can drive this behavior, but boredom, stress and attention-seeking are often at the top of the list.

That's why we recommend pairing your fur friend's new bed with one of the best dog chew toys or one of the longest-lasting dog chews as these can help to keep them occupied and soothe any anxiety they may be feeling.

Below, you'll find our pick of the best dog beds for chewers – selected for their durability, longevity and comfort. Plus, Dr. Hannah Godfrey goes into more detail about why dogs chew their beds and how you can put a stop to it.

The best dog beds for chewers 2026

What are the best dog beds for chewers?

While the best dog beds lining the shelves are suitable for many pups, most won't cut the mustard if you have an aggressive chewer on your hands!

"It goes without saying that if your dog’s a chewer, you need a sturdy dog bed!," says Dr. Godfrey. "This means one made of sturdy material with hard-wearing seams so that your pooch can’t easily break through it to the stuffing inside. Tough materials like canvas and woven polyester are more durable, and double stitching provides added reinforcement.

Another thing to consider is the style of the bed – a dog bed with raised sides and a cushion in the center might be more appealing and exciting than a boring old gym mat or mattress style, which could mean your dog is more likely to chew.

Since mattress-style dog beds can still be very comfortable, this might be a good option if your dog likes to get stuck into removing the cushions, digging, or generally destroying their bed."

Why does my dog chew his bed?

Do dogs get bored? Absolutely! And it's one of the primary reasons they may resort to chewing.

"Dogs can chew their bed for lots of reasons," Dr. Godfrey says. "They might be bored and lacking physical or mental stimulation. They might have lots of energy and need to let off some steam."

In cases where a lack of stimulation might be causing your dog to chew, we recommend investing in some of the best dog puzzle toys to give your pup's brain a good workout.

However, boredom and a lack of exercise or mental enrichment aren't the only reasons a dog may chew, as Dr. Godfrey explains.

"They might be stressed, scared, in pain, or unwell. And don’t forget separation anxiety – which creates a mixture of boredom, stress, and anxiety and commonly leads to destructive behavior like chewing."

How can I stop my dog from chewing their bed?

"To stop your dog from chewing his bed, make sure you provide plenty of opportunities to burn off energy – walks and playtime are great ideas," Dr. Godfrey advises.

"On top of this, fight boredom with puzzles, toys, and long-lasting dog chews. Make sure you reward time spent chewing toys and chews, providing plenty of positive reinforcement, and avoid a big reaction if he does chew his bed – he’ll only learn that he gets your full attention when he does it."

You will need to put out the best bird food if you want to attract winged visitors to your garden. But before you run to the nearest store to grab your supplies, it’s worth thinking about which birds you want to attract and the kinds of food they are going to enjoy the most.

Some foods will be more suitable for some birds than others. Fill the best bird feeders with tiny nyjer seeds, for example, and you’ll attract finches because their beaks are best equipped to eat it. Put out mealworms and you’re going to see more wagtails, blackbirds and robins.

Peanuts are great for nuthatches and tits while thrushes and wrens will enjoy fat balls. But seed mixes have the widest appeal if you simply want to attract as many birds as possible.

“There are a variety of bird food options available which suit different species, so most people offer a mixture,” expert vet Dr Rebecca MacMillan says.

Bear in mind that you will need to know how to keep squirrels out of your bird feeder so that all of the food goes to its intended audience and make sure the food doesn’t become contaminated by regularly cleaning the feeder. And feel free to experiment. You don’t need to stick with just one brand of best bird food: mix it up and you may be surprised at which birds will visit.

The best bird food 2026

How we chose the best bird food

While we stopped short of actually taking a taste-test, we looked for food that was natural, packed with nutrients and provided value for money. We considered which birds you would want to attract and the food that was likely to bring them to a feeder and we looked at the packets themselves. If they’re resealable, they’ll get an extra thumbs-up for freshness.

What do vets recommend as the best bird food?

When it comes to the best bird food, there is no one single solution. The answer to this question very much depends on the birds which come to your yard (so keep an eye out for the varieties) and the birds you want to attract. For the best advice, we turned to Dr Rebecca MacMillan and she recommended a host of different foods, namely:

Sunflower seeds: “These are popular with many birds and contain a variety of healthy fats,” Dr MacMillan says. “Sparrows, nuthatches, and blue tits all enjoy these. If you feed the shelled variety, bear in mind that birds can make a mess when eating them (due to the discarded shells).”

Peanuts: “These can be offered whole or in granules and they are popular with most garden birds. Whole peanuts should always be provided in a bird feeder to stop smaller species from taking larger pieces than they can safely manage.” Here’s some more info about feeding birds peanuts.

Nyger seeds: “Also known as nyjer or niger, these seeds are popular with sparrows, doves, finches, and bunting, but due to their size, they need to be offered in a finer-mesh feeder to stop the seeds from falling out.”

Suet: “Suet is great during the autumn and winter months when birds require more energy. Suet can be offered in balls from a suet feeder, in blocks, or set in coconut shells. Many birds enjoy these, but particularly woodpeckers, robins, and jays.” If you enjoy crafting, here’s how to make your own bird suet.

Mealworms: “You can buy mealworms alive or dried and they provide protein and fat to garden birds. Most species enjoy these, so they are a great addition to your feeding station. If offering dried mealworms during the breeding season, try soaking them first to make them easier for baby birds to eat.”

Is it important to leave water as well as food?

Absolutely. A clean supply of water is not only great for quenching a bird’s thirst, it also allows them to have a bath. “It is always a good idea to have water available for wild birds in your garden,” Dr MacMillan affirms. “This is important in the hot summer months, but also in the winter months when regular water sources might be frozen.”

But how should you present the water? It’s a good idea to keep it slightly away from the food so bits don’t end up falling in the water. “A large shallow bird bath or dish is preferable, as birds will use this to bathe in as well as drink from,” Dr MacMillan adds. “As with your bird feeders, you should clean this out regularly to avoid algae and bird droppings from contaminating the water.”

Can some bird food persuade birds to leave your plants alone?

Not really. There are no particular foods that will persuade birds to leave your plants alone. “But offering a varied selection of good quality bird food at your feeding station will help to keep them busy and less hungry,” Dr MacMillan says. “You should also look at protecting your plants and vegetables, for example by growing them under mesh or netting. Hanging shiny, spinning, or noisy objects nearby will also discourage them from attacking your plants.”

Having the best dog harness for pulling on hand can be a real lifesaver if you have a dog that tends to take you for a walk rather than the other way around!

No matter how much you love your canine companion, having them pull or lunge every time you leave the house can make those daily strolls more stress-inducing than stress-relieving. Thankfully, when it comes to knowing how to stop a dog pulling on a leash, having the right harness can make all the difference.

The harnesses in this guide are designed to prevent your dog from lunging forward by placing gentle pressure on their shoulders. When paired with training, this discourages them from pulling and makes it more likely they'll stay by your side.

Just like the best dog harnesses for non-pullers, all of the products below have been carefully selected based on safety, comfort and visibility. Because your dog is a puller, we've also made sure these harnesses offer you maximum control when you're walking your pup.

The best dog harness for pulling 2026

How we chose the best dog harness for pulling

To compile our list of the best dog harnesses for pulling, I primarily considered how effective they are at preventing pulling and lunging, the amount of control each harness offers you as a dog owner, and how secure and comfortable they are for your pup to wear.

I understand that everyone will be looking for different things in a harness and that every dog has their own preferences as to the types of dog harness they want to wear, so I've included a range of options in this guide to tick all the boxes.

You'll find step-in harnesses, designs that go over the head, and harnesses that avoid both of these all together and instead wrap around the body and clip into place. Some offer maximum coverage while others touch less points on your dog's body while still doing a great job of preventing pulling. If you’re unsure where to start, we’ve put together guides for how to put on a harness and how to use a dog harness.

How to choose a dog harness for pulling

When it comes to choosing a dog harness specifically to reduce pulling, there are a few things you want to keep in mind.

First up, consider how easy it is to put the harness on and take it off. This won't be an issue for all dogs, but if your pup doesn't like stepping into a harness or having it go over their head, you might prefer to select one that wraps around their body and clips into place.

Secondly, make sure you read up on how to measure your dog for their harness to ensure you get the right fit. If the harness sags, your pup will still be able to lunge forward. Similarly, if it's too tight, their movement will be restricted. Check that the harness can be adjusted for a comfortable fit.

Thirdly, we recommend looking for a harness that has a lot of padding. This is particularly important for dogs that pull as padding provides comfort and reduces chaffing. Some front-clip designs don’t feature padding, but often once your dog understands it, the padding is no longer necessary.

Finally, if you regularly walk at dawn or dusk or you live in a climate where visibility is often poor due to frequent rain, opt for a harness with plenty of reflective strips and sticking. This will help your dog to remain visible, which is vital if you walk in areas where they may try to pull across the sidewalk and come close to busy main roads.

What is the best harness to stop a dog from pulling?

It's always a good idea to first understand why your dog is pulling before you invest in a harness as this can help inform your decision. Hyperactive dogs tend to lunge more and reactivity in dogs can also cause excess pulling. If you feel either of these may be behind your dog's pulling, be sure to check out our guides to how to calm a hyper dog and how to calm a reactive dog.

We wanted to know if our expert team of vets had any tips when it comes to selecting a harness when your dog is a puller, so we asked Dr. Rebecca MacMillan for her advice.

"If your dog pulls you while out walking, then choose a harness with a front attachment for their leash," she says. "This helps to reduce the amount of force the dog can pull against you with. The position of the attachment causes your dog to turn their body towards whichever side you are standing with the leash. This slight turn reduces the intensity of their ability to pull.

This is different from a back attachment harness, which allows your dog to lean their weight fully into the harness (much like a dog pulling a sled). So, you may find that these types of harnesses are less suitable for your pet.

An alternative approach would be to use a Halti (face harness). Worn like a horse wears a head collar, a Halti helps you to gently steer and guide your dog, giving you greater control over their direction of movement."

Do dog harnesses help with pulling?

The answer to this, rather unhelpfully, is both yes and no. No-pull harnesses can work well alongside other things, such as avoiding the most common loose leash walking mistakes that can encourage pups to pull and using effective training methods.

"Some harnesses can help reduce the intensity of your dog's pulling and make them easier to handle, so they are helpful to a degree," says Dr. MacMillan. "But remember, that these are best used alongside positive behavioral training, as some dogs will pull regardless of what equipment they are walked in."

How do I get my dog to stop pulling on the leash?

"Your dog's training is what you really need to work on to stop them from pulling," Dr. MacMillan explains. "Although the right walking equipment can help in part, there is not usually a magic quick fix to this problem."

Some owners may be tempted to choose a harness that tightens as your dog pulls; however, these rarely work and are considered an aversive training method. Instead, you should focus on working with a dog trainer or behaviorist if you need help getting your dog to walk with a loose leash. Training methods should include positive reinforcement, with plenty of praise and treats for the correct behavior."

We understand that not everyone can afford to hire a professional trainer, so here's 27 practical tips for training your dog on your own. Or, if you do want to enlist the help of an expert trainer, here's how to spot dog trainer red flags to ensure you're working with someone who's suitably qualified.

In this feature, we answer 'Are harnesses bad for dogs?'

If you can get hold of the best hay for rabbits, then trust us when we say your bunny will really thank you for it. Hay is an absolute essential for these small pets because it forms the foundation of a healthy diet. Without it, your rabbit’s gut and digestive system can really suffer and you may find that your bunny develops dental problems, too.

“Hay or grass should make up the vast bulk of a rabbit’s diet – around 85% of what they consume each day,” says expert vet Rebecca MacMillan, who goes on to explain what to feed a rabbit. “A typical diet plan for a rabbit should consist of unlimited hay or grass which should always be available, throughout the day and night.” In that sense, hay or grass is far more important than even the best food for rabbits and the higher the quality you buy, the better it will be for your pet and the more likely they are to eat it.

So what should you look out for? Hay needs to be dry and clean so that you can be sure you’re giving your rabbit an abundance of fiber and protein while getting those teeth working. “Dusty, cheap, or old hay will be lacking in nutrients and could contain mold spores if not properly stored,” Dr MacMillan adds. She also recommends timothy or meadow hay saying it’s fresh and pleasant smelling. Let’s check out the best hay for rabbits.

Best hay for rabbits 2026

How we chose the best hay for rabbits

Buying hay is a little more complicated than it first appears and there are some things that need to be kept in mind. First and foremost, the hay needs to be fresh – if it is dry, smells sweet and doesn’t appear to show signs of dust and mold, that would certainly pass the test. The hay also needs to be of good stock so we paid attention to how it is harvested. We were wary of hay that has been sprayed with pesticides and any that had artificial preservatives added.

What do vets recommend as the best hay for rabbits?

“Feeding rabbits is actually very straightforward,” Dr MacMillan says. “They need a diet that is made up of predominantly grass and this can be in its dried form of hay or eaten fresh from the ground in your garden.” The key thing is to look out for hay that is high in fiber. “Rabbits have adapted to consume a high-fiber diet, which helps to keep their teeth worn down and their digestive system in good working order.”

There are a few types of hay that you can feed rabbits:

Timothy hay: In general, lower-calorie, coarser timothy hay is seen as the go-to product for rabbits because it’s great for digestion and teeth.

Meadow hay: This is usually cheaper, packed with fiber and low in sugar and it makes a great alternative.

Alfalfa hay: This can play a role in supporting development and growth thanks to its higher calcium and protein content but it’s not recommended for long-term use.

Oat hay: This is high in fiber but it’s also high in calories and can cause obesity.

Teff grass hay: This lacks sufficient protein and calcium.

What type of hay should be avoided?

You don’t need to entirely avoid any particular type of hay. Yes, there are issues with teff grass, oat hay and alfalfa hay, for instance, but you’d just need to moderate them – that’s not really the case with timothy hay and meadow hay, though.

It’s also absolutely fine to find grass from your garden as Dr MacMillan has suggested but you’ll need to get out on the lawn with some scissors to gather it up. “Never give your bunny any mown grass or grass clippings,” she warns. ”Lawnmowers damage the grass and warm it up, meaning bacteria can multiply on it potentially making your pet sick.”

If you’re venturing into the garden, it’s also worth pointing out that you should be wary of plants that are poisonous to rabbits.

“Bulbs (including daffodils, tulips, and bluebells) are toxic to rabbits, as are holly, ivy, yew, foxgloves, and primroses. Keep your rabbit away from these plants or remove them from your garden. Make sure that all houseplants are well out of reach from inquisitive rabbits, too.”

Do I need to limit the amount of hay I feed my rabbit?

If it’s timothy hay or meadow hay, no. Give them as much as you can.

“The exact amounts that a rabbit eats daily will vary depending on size and age,” says Dr MacMillan. “Hay and grass should be unlimited, so you won’t need to measure this out. Just replace it with fresh hay regularly.”

And don’t worry. A rabbit won’t gobble down hay like it’s going out of fashion. “Rabbits are grazers meaning they will eat for many hours of the day and at any time, but they tend to be most active in the mornings and evenings,” Dr MacMillan says.

Although it’s important to buy the best food for rabbits, you don’t actually need to feed your bunny with loads of pellets. In fact, a rabbit’s diet is predominantly made up of grass (or the best hay for rabbits) so what you are going to be purchasing is supplementary food. The best rabbit food will give your bunnies a boost by providing nutrients and additional fiber.

In that sense, then, you may want to spend a little more in order to ensure that the rabbit food you buy is of the utmost quality. That way, what you’re giving to your bunny in the best indoor rabbit hutches or the best outdoor rabbit hutches is more likely to be of benefit to your bunny’s health, leading to better digestion, glossier coats, improved skin and a good start in life.

But what should you look for if you’re wondering what to feed a rabbit? “You should pick a good quality pellet diet, where all pieces are a uniform shape and size,” explains expert vet Rebecca MacMillan. “Rabbits have also adapted to consume a high-fiber diet, which helps to keep their teeth worn down and their digestive system in good working order.”

If your rabbit is used to a sugary diet, it may take a little while for them to come round to the idea of the new pellets, but if you persevere your bunny will reap the benefits in the long term. Let’s take a look at what is on offer.

The best rabbit food 2026

How we chose the best rabbit food

We focussed our attention on the ingredients, assessing them for their health benefits. We looked to see how much fiber the food contained and considered the addition of vitamins and minerals. We were particularly keen to check that manufacturers were using quality ingredients and the processes used to gather them.

What do vets recommend as the best food for rabbits?

You may have been fooled into thinking that rabbits chew on carrots all day long, but this is far from true. Carrots are not actually as beneficial as you may think because of their high sugar content – and rabbits can’t digest sugar efficiently. As such, carrots and other fruits should only be given sparingly.

Instead, to ensure good rabbit care, your bunny should be given good quality hay and/or grass to make up the vast bulk of a their diet – at least 85% of their daily diet. Supplementary rabbit food needs to make up just 5% of a daily ration each day and pellets are recommended by vets.

“It is far better to pick a good quality pellet diet, where all pieces are a uniform shape and size, over a ‘muesli-mix’ style of food,” says expert vet Rebecca MacMillan.

What food for rabbits should be avoided?

As mentioned, a muesli-mix is not recommended.

“This is because rabbits will pick out their favorite parts of this food, missing out on vital nutrients and leading to an unbalanced diet,” Dr MacMillan says. “You should also avoid giving your rabbit too many sugary treats. This includes commercial rabbit treats, like seed bars and yogurt drops, but also any human snacks. If these are fed too often, and your rabbit eats them in preference to their normal diet, they could lead to obesity and dental issues.”

How many pellets should I be feeding a rabbit?

Very little is the short answer. Dr MacMillan says a tablespoon of rabbit pellets or nuggets will be approximately 5% of a bunny’s daily diet. “You can offer this twice daily if you have a very large or giant rabbit breed,” she adds. “I advise owners to scatter this around the rabbit’s environment or in their hay, rather than placing it in a food dish. This provides good mental and physical stimulation, encouraging natural foraging behavior.”

What treats can I give to a rabbit?

We all like to give pets a little food treat and rabbits are no exception. In this instance, small pieces of carrot will be absolutely fine. The same is true of squash, apple, pears, melon and strawberries. But don’t overdo it.

“Treats should only be given on occasion and very sparingly to avoid weight gain and dental issues,” Dr MacMillan says.

Is water important for rabbits?

Absolutely – without water, a rabbit can become seriously ill. Any water needs to be fresh and clean and checked twice a day.

“Your rabbit should have unlimited access to water,” Dr MacMillan says. “Most rabbits prefer a water bowl to a water bottle/drinker, just make sure you check it regularly in case it gets tipped over or has any bedding in it.” Don’t let the water freeze in winter.

Looking for the best bedding for rabbits is, in some ways, on a par with searching for a lovely, comfortable bed for yourself. With a safe, clean layer beneath their delicate bodies, rabbits will feel less stressed. They will also find themselves living in a hygienic environment where pee and poo is absorbed and kept away from their skin. As a consequence, they’ll lead healthier lives.

But finding the best bedding for rabbits isn’t easy. There are lots of products made from a range of different materials and some are sure to be more suitable than others. Indeed, you may find that some bedding can be dusty, which can lead to upper respiratory infections. Opt for hay, straw, aspen shavings, paper and blankets, however, and you generally can’t go wrong.

One thing’s for sure, though, you will need to buy something whether that’s for one of the best indoor rabbit enclosures or the best outdoor rabbit hutches.

“All rabbits need bedding, including those that live indoors,” affirms expert vet Dr Rebecca MacMillan “Bedding allows rabbits to feel cozy and secure and outdoor rabbits also need bedding in order to provide warmth, especially in the winter months.”

In some ways, your decision may depend on whether you know how to clean a rabbit cage or how to litter train a rabbit but let’s take a look at some of the best bedding for rabbits, checking out the suitability of the materials and how well they stand up to continued use.

The best bedding for rabbits 2026

How we compared the best bedding for rabbits

First of all, we took expert advice from Dr Rebecca MacMillan, a companion animal vet. She explained why rabbits need bedding.

“Bedding allows rabbits to feel cozy and secure,” she said. “Most rabbits like to build a nest as well as burrow and dig in their bedding, which provides good stimulation. Bedding also helps to absorb moisture, keeping your rabbit clean and dry.”

Bearing in mind that outdoor rabbits also need warmth, we considered:

Comfort: Is the material going to kind to a rabbit’s fur and skin and would it help a bunny to remain warm at night or during cold winter months?

Cleanliness: How often would the bedding need changing and would that be an easy process? Would the bedding absorb most mess and control odor?

The environment: Is the bedding sustainably-sourced and can it be safely disposed of, ideally by being composted or recycled?

Should bedding always be used?

In general, yes. Bedding is great for indoor and outdoor rabbits, especially if they would otherwise be on a hard floor. Some experts would suggest you only place bedding in a litter box but if you maintain bedding well, there’s no reason it can’t be more widespread. If bunnies don’t like the bedding, they’ll likely move it out of the way anyway. But are there situations when bedding definitely shouldn’t be used?

“The only time that bedding may need to be avoided is if your rabbit is recovering from surgery,” advises Dr Rebecca MacMillan. “Your vet may suggest avoiding things that irritate or accidentally get stuck to the wound during this time (like straw), but they would usually still advise ensuring your rabbit has something else soft to lie on.”

What is the best material to use for bedding?

A blanket is absolutely fine for bedding if you want your rabbit to be able to play around but it’s not going to offer some of the extra properties of more traditional bedding: it won’t, for example, control odor and it won’t be as effective an insulator as some other alternatives. You’ll also find that you’re throwing blankets into the washing machines and there’s a cost to that, both monetary and environmentally.

As such, you’re better opting for aspen shavings, paper, hay and straw and using blankets as a supplementary bedding, perhaps if your rabbit is out of the enclosure.

“It is best to use a material that your rabbit can dig around in and arrange how they see fit,” says Dr Rebecca MacMillan. “Dust-extracted straw is good for this. Shredded paper could also be used for this purpose if it doesn’t contain any ink print that could be toxic.”

What material should be avoided?

There are some pitfalls to certain bedding material – in some cases, the wrong choice could cause health issues, which is why your choice matters. Dust is generally a big problem.

“It is best to choose straw that has been dust-extracted as this will reduce the risk of causing respiratory issues in your pet,” says Dr Rebecca MacMillan. “Straw that is purchased straight from a farm may be cheaper, but it is unlikely to have been treated and could also contain other things such as fungal spores. The straw you pick should also be soft (to reduce the risk of eye injuries) and sweet-smelling.”

What do vets recommend?

According to Dr Rebecca MacMillan, you should consider all available choices.

“Another option is to purchase a rabbit nest or plush bed for them to lie on,” she says. “If you are choosing something like this, ensure it is machine washable and check it regularly for any damage.”

But ultimately, you need to consider how your rabbit behaves and buy bedding that is most likely to satisfy their desires. “You should provide your rabbit with other bedding materials and litter in their enclosure so that they can carry out natural behaviors such as digging and nest building,” she says.

You may also want to read our guide to the best litter for rabbits.

Choosing the best litter for rabbits may not sound like the most exciting of tasks but getting it right will make life much easier and comfortable for both you and your bunny. The aim is to provide a clean and inviting space for a rabbit to pee and poop while also ensuring it doesn’t have an adverse impact in your home. To that end, you need to consider the material used, its absorbency and its ability to control odor.

With the rise in popularity of the best indoor rabbit hutches, you also need to think about dust. If you use a lot of litter, then you certainly don’t want particles spreading around your home and, just as importantly, getting into your rabbits lungs. One thing’s for sure, you need to avoid the best cat litters, too. “Don’t be tempted to use clumping cat litter because if your rabbit ingests this it could cause blockages in their digestive system,” says expert vet Dr Rebecca MacMillan.

Instead, use material that will encourage your bunny to make use of the litter since figuring out how to litter box train a rabbit will be easier if you provide an ideal environment, which includes one of the best rabbit litter boxes. Indeed, as we’re about to see, there’s plenty of great products on offer so let’s check the best litter for rabbits and explore the different materials you can buy.

The best litter for rabbits 2026

How we compared the best litter for rabbits

Safety was a primary concern when shopping around for the best litter for rabbits. Given a bunny is going to be using litter often, we needed to be sure that the litter was soft and that it would be as dust-free as possible to avoid respiratory issues and would be sharp. We also considered:

Smells: We looked for litter that would control odors. No-one wants a stinky home.

Cleanliness: It’s important that spoiled litter can be easily and quickly cleaned.

The environment: Throwing litter into the bin seems wasteful so we were on the lookout for any litter that could be recycled or composted.

What do vets recommend as the best litter for rabbits?

There are other specific factors to consider when looking for the best litter, all of which take into consideration the health of your rabbit. According to expert vet Dr Rebecca MacMillan, the best litter to use in a rabbit’s enclosure and litter box is an unscented paper-based product.

“There are different types of paper-based litter available, including pulped, shredded, and pellets,” she says. “These all carry the same advantage of being low in dust, to reduce triggering respiratory issues. Paper-based products tend to be pretty absorbent too.”

If you do opt for paper, however, then you may need to supplement it.

“When choosing your litter, you may also want to consider the comfort of the product for your rabbit so if you choose paper pellets then you may want to put a layer of dust-extracted straw over the top to make them softer and more comfortable,” Dr MacMillan adds. She also advises you to avoid any shredded paper that has ink on it as some types of ink can cause issues if ingested.

What litter for rabbits should be avoided?

Just as there are litters best suited for rabbits, so there are litters that you really need to steer clear of and Dr Rebecca MacMillan says sawdust and wood shavings should be top of the list.

“Sawdust can irritate the respiratory tract and the skin, due to the oils/phenols contained in the wood as well as all of the fine particles of dust.”

She also says you need to avoid clumping cat litter just in case your rabbit decides to have a nibble only to find it causes a very unpleasant blockage.

“You should also steer clear of any products that are scented,” she says.

What household items could be used as litter?

What if you’re in a bit of a jam and you either don’t have any litter left or your waiting for your litter order to arrive. Is there a material that may be knocking around your home that you could use temporarily? Dr Rebecca MacMillan suggests using newspapers – and we’re talking the actual printed products here, of course: those rarities which you may have seen in a store.

Joking aside, newspapers are actually great. “If you are in a fix, you could use newspaper to line your rabbit’s cage but ideally cover this with a layer of dust-extracted straw to reduce the chances of your rabbit nibbling on it,” Dr MacMillan says.

“It is safer to use plain, non-glossy newspapers that are printed with non-toxic ink [most are these days]. If you are not sure, rub your finger over the print. Safe soy-based inks won’t smudge, whereas petroleum-based ink will.”

How often does litter for rabbits need to be changed?

Litter will get soiled. It’s what it’s there for but you can’t just leave your rabbit to live with it for days on end. It needs cleaning otherwise it could become harmful to your pet. How often cleaning your rabbit’s enclosure needs to happen depends largely on the type of litter you use but daily maintenance and removal of poops is essential.

“Rabbit litter should be changed frequently to keep your rabbit clean and to avoid the build-up of ammonia in the environment,” says Dr MacMillan. “Spot-checks to remove small amounts of soiled litter should be performed daily, but a full change of the litter needs to happen once a week.”

If your feline is over seven years old, then you should switch their diet to one of the best cat foods for senior cats. As they get older, they'll need enough protein to maintain their muscle mass, as well as ingredients that support their joint health.

Expert vet Dr. Rebecca MacMillan says senior cats need a diet that's appropriate for their life stage. She explains that senior cat food should be highly digestible, high in good-quality protein, and contain omega-3 fatty acids to help with inflammation. That's why it's important that you don't just give them the best kitten food or the best cat food – even if it’s great food, it won’t give your senior everything they need.

With so many options on the market (and so many confusing ingredient names), it's easy to feel a little bit overwhelmed. That's why we've rounded up the top products on the market to help you choose. Here's the best cat food for senior cats 2026:

The quick list

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The best cat food for senior cats we recommend in 2024

The best cat food for senior cats in gravy

This cat food is high in protein which will help to maintain your fur friend's muscle mass as they get older. If your cat has sensitivities to food, then you'll be pleased to hear that it's grain-free too.

You won't find any nasty fillers or additives in this recipe either. What you will find is taurine, an essential amino acid that helps to support heart, vision, digestion and immune health. Cats can't produce this themselves, so it's important that they consume it in their diet.

We love the fact that these come in tins, making them eco-friendlier than standard plastic pouches that are non-recyclable. However, this does make them a little trickier to store if your cat doesn't finish the whole thing.

Chilli (our feline tester) loves this food and finishes his bowl clean. When it comes to gravy-style food, he usually leaves most of the meat, but he doesn't with this food, and the chunks are small and easy to eat.

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The best dry cat food for senior cats

Calibra Verve is highly digestible and suitable for cats with sensitive stomachs. With lamb and chicken as the first ingredients, plus green-lipped mussel, we were impressed with this formula. Especially when we discovered almost 80% of the recipe is from animal-sourced protein! It's free from grains, gluten, maize, artificial colors, added preservatives, and GMOs.

When it comes to dinner time, my cats usually favor wet food opposed to dry, but this is the only exception. They get excited whenever they see the packaging and they never fail to polish all the biscuits off. I prefer feeding them a wet diet primarily, but these also work well as a snack or a treat to hide in their snuffle mat.

The food doesn't smell very nice, but this isn't too much of a problem as the packaging is really easy to reseal. It isn't that expensive either and is something I would definitely buy again.

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The best mousse cat food for senior cats

Tilly & Ted's Tuna and Salmon Mousse is ideal for senior cats, thanks to the silky-soft consistency. As cats get older, teeth problems become more common and it might be trickier for them to eat hard food.

The recipe contains high-quality protein from tuna, blue whiting and salmon, plus omega-6 from the sunflower oil. It's also suitable for cats with grain intolerances, which is good to know.

It's great that the packaging is made from cardboard, as opposed to plastic that ends up in landfill. It's only recyclable at certain points, but I was happy to see that I had the option. The portion size is perfect for my cats and they really enjoy the taste (they finish the whole bowl).

The smell isn't pleasant, but since it comes in single-use packaging, so you don't need to worry about storing it in your fridge.

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The best chicken-flavored dry cat food for senior cats

If your cat prefers dry food, then Acana's Senior Entrée is worth a try. It's packed with great ingredients that will support their health, like fiber and a probiotic blend for digestive care. With chicken as the number one ingredient, it's high in protein — something that's super important as your cat gets older.

This food will also keep your feline's joints healthy, containing fish oil that's packed with essential omega-3s. The DHA and EPA which help to maintain your cat's eye and heart health.

The packaging is re-sealable, so you won't have to worry about any spills or smells. You can also recycle it at various points, which is always great to hear.

This product is currently with our tester, we'll be adding our testing notes soon.

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The best paté cat food for senior cats

If your senior cat struggles to chew, then Lily's Kitchen Smooth Paté should be a strong contender. The silky consistency is gentle on your feline's teeth and makes it easier for them to lap it up.

We were very impressed with this recipe as it has animal-based protein as the first four ingredients (chicken, pork, trout and lamb). It also contains omega-3 from salmon oil, which is great for supporting joints and heart health.

In comparison to other tinned cat foods, this one has a generous serving size and comes out of the tin easily (you won't get any on your hands!) My cat Chilli is obsessed with the taste and doesn't leave a single trace behind in the bowl.

The packaging is recyclable, meaning it's better for the environment than single-use plastic pouches.

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The best joint support cat food for senior cats

This cat food contains all the key ingredients that help to support joint health. Glucosamine and chondroitin are naturally found in the body and help to keep the cartilage healthy. These are often used in joint supplements (as well as this food), and are a great way to maintain flexibility.

Senior cats need a high-protein diet, so we were pleased to see that pork and fish are the first two ingredients in this recipe. It also contains omega-3s to help with inflammation, and L-carnitine, a natural amino acid that helps to breaks down fat.

This product is currently with our tester, our testing notes will be added soon.

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How we tested the best senior cat food for senior cats

Cat wellness and nutrition is our number one priority, so we researched every single ingredient to ensure they're healthy and safe for your cat to consume. We also consulted Dr. MacMillan to find out what makes a good product and the things to look out for.

We ensured they had a high-quality protein source as the first ingredient (this means it has the highest quantity). We also tried to find products with additional benefits, such as green-lipped mussel, which helps to supports joints. We then sent them off to our team of trusty testers.

We took the following factors into consideration...

Taste: Your cats eat the same thing every day, so it's important that they like it. Of course, we can't read our cats' minds, but we can get a good picture from whether they finish their bowl or not. We asked our testers whether their cats ate it and how they reacted around the food.

Packaging: We know what it's like to have a sneaky cat around the house — they'll do anything for extra food (including knocking over the packaging). We made sure that the packaging was easy to reseal to avoid any unwanted spills and smells.

Affordability: No one wants to break the bank over cat food (including us!) You'll find a variety of price points to suit your budget and ensure you’re getting good value for money.

Preference: No two cats are the same. Whether they prefer chunks in gravy or dried biscuits, every feline has their own particular taste. That's why we tested a variety of options for you to choose from.

How to choose the best cat food for senior cats

Are you struggling to choose the best food for your senior cat? We're here to help! Here's a checklist of everything to look out for, recommended by our vet Dr. MacMillan:

• Highly digestible
• Good quality protein (like chicken and fish)
• Omega-3 fatty acids or green-lipped mussel extract (to help with inflammation and healthy cartilage)

So, what about the things you should avoid? Dr. MacMillan said there's nothing you should avoid in particular, but you should never buy from brands who don't work alongside a vet nutritionist.

She also says their food shouldn't be too high in calories either, as "most elderly cats are sedentary and do not require the same amount of energy as a young, growing animal". Since senior cats get their energy from fats and proteins, she recommends a low carb diet.

Do senior cats need senior food?

Dr. MacMillan advises a diet that's appropriate for your cat's life stage.

She explains: "Complete pet foods for seniors will have been specially formulated to contain the right balance of protein and fats for your elderly cat. Their needs will be very different to a young, growing kitten or a more physically active adult cat and this is reflected in a senior diet.

Wondering, 'Is my cat overweight?' If they are (or are prone to obesity), you may need to put them on a light or reduced calorie version of the same food, says Dr. MacMillan.

Is wet or dry food better for older cats?

Is dry cat food best, or is wet cat food best for senior cats?

Dr. MacMillan explains that both options have pros and cons, but since wet food provides more water, it can help them to stay hydrated. If your cat has been diagnosed with a health condition such as kidney disease, this is an important thing to keep in mind.

"However, dry food is more energy-dense, which can be useful in senior cats who need help to maintain their weight. This is due to the water content in wet foods, with a larger amount needed compared to dry food to achieve the same calorie intake.

"However, what it usually comes down to is your cat’s preference for wet vs dry, as well as which you prefer to offer your pet. If whichever food you feed is senior-specific then your cat will be receiving all of the essential nutrients that they need."

You might also want to read our feature that answers, 'Can cats eat dry food only?'

How many times a day should I feed my senior cat?

If your cat struggles eating large portions at once (like many senior cats do), Dr. MacMillan advises splitting their daily allowance into several smaller meals to help with their digestion.

She says: "Just make sure that you follow the guidelines on the packet instructions so that you are still giving your cat the right amount of nutrition over a 24-hour period. If your cat is struggling with their appetite, then you should always speak to your vet, but gently warming their food can help in some cases. And don’t forget to make sure that your cat always has an easily accessible supply of fresh water."

Cats enjoy drinking from running water, so it might be worth getting one of the best pet water fountains to encourage them.

They say the first bite is with the eye, and that’s why you should make sure to serve your feline’s meals in the best cat food bowls. 

You might not think your cat would care about that sort of thing, but if you’re going to spend all that money on getting them the best cat foods, then it’d be a shame to serve it up in a dingy bowl. 

There are other benefits beyond aesthetics though - many modern cat bowls are designed with your cat’s health in mind, offering a more comfortable eating position to reduce the stress on their neck, while wider bowls help avoid irritating their long whiskers. There are also some high tech options out there too. The best slow feeder cat bowls are great for slowing down your cat’s eating pace, stopping them from making themselves ill. Meanwhile the best automatic cat feeders can serve up meals on schedule, even if you’re not around at mealtime. 

We’ve consulted with expert vet Dr Joanna Woodnutt to make this comprehensive list of the best cat food bowls out there, offering a range of different options to suit your kitty’s needs. As the good doctor puts it, “The best cat food bowl will always depend on your cat.”

The best cat food bowls 2026

How to choose the best cat food bowls

Choosing the best cat food bowl can help to tackle whisker stress and cat acne. A good bowl can also aid digestive health. Here is what you should be looking for when considering the perfect bowl for your feline.

Material: Examine what a bowl is made of. Plastic bowls with playful designs might look cute but many cats have an allergy to plastic which gives them nasty bumps and blackheads on their chin. To minimize the possibility of a reaction, opt for stainless steel, ceramic or eco-friendly materials such as bamboo.

Size and shape: To help avoid whisker stress, think size and shape. If your kitty is prone to lifting food out of their bowl and dropping it on the floor, their current bowl may be too small meaning their whiskers are touching the sides. Wide bowls help to prevent this.

Depth: Deep bowls that are elevated and tilted forward are worth considering if your cats make a mess or suffer from digestive issues. They allow your cat to maintain a more natural posture which reduces neck strain and makes digesting food easier.

Smart features: Choosing one of the best automatic pet feeders is fantastic if you’re often away from home. You can program the feeder to dispense wet or dry cat food at certain times throughout the day. And, just like the best smart pet bowls, they’re also a good option for monitoring portion control and managing your cat’s weight. 

Go neat: If you hate having food bowls cluttering up your home or if you and your feline often travel together, why not consider a collapsible food bowl? They’re perfect for long road trips and the silicone ones are easy to clean. When you’re done, they fold down into a disk and can be easily stored.

Types of cat food bowl

Here's our breakdown of some of the types of cat bowl you'll likely encounter:

Elevated cat food bowl: If you are asking yourself, “should I elevate my cat’s food bowl?” then chances are your feline has digestive difficulties. An elevated cat food bowl will help your cat swallow, aided by gravity. They are also ideal for older felines who experience problems in their joints, including arthritis or stiff muscles.

A raised bowl is also hygienic and clean. Since the bowl sits off the ground, spillage is reduced and the extra height can help reduce dust and fur particles landing in your feline's meal. They do tend to be more expensive than the average bowl, however. 

Automatic feeders: When you're out of the home, an automatic feeder is a convenient and fun way to deliver your kitty their next meal. These machines can typically be programmed to feed your cat with their usual amount of food, but some feeders may end up feeding them too much due to auto-filling once a cat's dish becomes empty. Convenient but they can be expensive.

Traditional cat food bowl: This is likely to be the option you're most familiar with. A traditional cat food bowl is often made from ceramic or stainless steel; its circular design is simple and functional. There are typically no bells and whistles but you'll likely want to consider the material. For instance, if your feline is prone to food spillages, heavy ceramic can be a great choice.

What kind of cat food bowl is best?

There is no single perfect cat bowl, according to Dr. Joanna Woodnutt. Like humans, cats are unique so a bowl that works for one might not necessarily work for another. 

“Felines are finicky,” she explains. “Having said that, it’s best to get a cat food bowl made of porcelain or glass, as plastic can harbor bacteria and metal can taint the food. Most cats like a shallow, large bowl.”

It’s easy to think that your cat doesn’t care what you serve their food in, but studies have shown that they really do care about how their meals are served. 

A study in the journal Animal Cognition showed that domestic cats don’t like to work for their food — they want an effortless meal served up in an easy-to-access bowl. This rules out some bowls with harsh edges and high sides, or those that are too low down and force your moggy to bend down to eat. 

Is it better for cats to eat from an elevated bowl?

Whether you’re considering an elevated bowl or even asking “do anti-vomit cat bowls work?”, then the answer lies with your cat. “Most cats will be fine with their bowl on the ground, although for some an elevated bowl may help,” Dr Woodnutt advises. 

“Cats with arthritis will often benefit from an elevated bowl. You’ll find many cats still take their food and drop it on the floor, then eat it on the floor - so don’t expect too much.”

Are tilted bowls better for cats?

There is there's no 'right' type of food bowl, and it's important to consider your cat's individual preferences.  With that said, there are some instances in which a titled bowl could be the right choice. 

"It's thought that tilted bowls help cats with arthritis eat more comfortably." says Dr Rebecca MacMillan. That might sound like a niche case, but a study in Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association showed that 90% of cats over 12 show signs of arthritis. 

"If you think about how a cat eats or drinks, they often hunch on their elbows with their shoulders forward, so it isn't hard to see how getting into a less hunched position would put less strain on painful joints." explains Dr MacMillan.

How we selected the best cat food bowls

So how did we select the best cat food bowls for this guide? Well, we focussed on three key areas: the material the bowls are made from, their size and depth, and the overall design. We also wanted to ensure we included a few bowls with smarter features, such as elevated bowls and automatic feeders.

Material: We’ve avoided the use of plastic bowls in this guide. While they’re cheap and convenient, they are more likely to harbor bacteria. We’ve opted for safe and healthy alternatives instead, such as ceramic, silicone and stainless steel. 

Size and depth: We’re mindful that cats favor large, shallow bowls because they are less likely to irritate their whiskers. We’ve mostly included such bowls, with a few notable exceptions such as the automatic pet feeder. This product, while shallow, does not have high sides, however, and therefore won’t cause irritation. 

Overall design: We’ve included a range of designs in this guide, from the simple yet effective to the more elaborate and stylish. You’ll also note that aside from appearance, the cat food bowls above span the range of what’s available on the market right now, such as automatic feeders that give you more flexibility in your day and elevated models, which can help prevent digestive disturbances. 

If you want to keep your dog’s joints healthy or are worried about arthritis, then you’re right to be on the hunt for the best joint supplements for dogs.

Joint supplements are not a medication and so cannot treat a condition, but keeping your dog’s joints in good health is the best way to keep your dog feeling younger for longer. They come in various forms, like chews, powders, and treats, making them easier to feed than you might think, too.

These supplements help keep their joints healthy and maximize comfort, often containing ingredients like glucosamine and chondroitin, naturally found in the cartilage. To learn more about what these ingredients are, our glossary can help.

Expert vet Dr. Hannah Godfrey says: "I always recommend joint supplements to pet parents with ageing dogs or dogs with an injury or condition meaning they’re more likely to develop arthritis. Sometimes, pet parents are a little skeptical about whether or not joint supplements are necessary or effective. In my experience (and in scientific studies), they are beneficial in slowing the progression of arthritis and delaying the need for other medications. However, to get the most benefit from joint supplements, start them sooner rather than later."

The best joint supplements for dogs 2026

How we tested the best joint supplements for dogs

To ensure your purchase is worth every cent, we thoroughly researched the best joint supplements for dogs.

After speaking with a vet about the best ingredients to look out for, we searched high and low for the perfect match. As well as ensuring the products had those golden active ingredients, we made sure everything else inside was healthy for your dog to consume.

Our team of testers then reviewed them based on:

• Affordability: Since supplements are an ongoing purchase and expense, we included a variety of options to suit every budget. Good health should be accessible to every pup!
• Value for money: We asked our testers whether the products were good value for money based on the quality and quantity.
• Easy to use: Dogs aren't always the biggest fans of taking supplements. We asked our testers how easy it was for their dogs to take it, how palatable it was, and whether they turned their nose up at all. This gives you complete transparency of what to expect.
• Repurchase: We also asked our testers the most important question – would they buy it again? This helps you to make an informed decision about whether it's worth your money.

How to choose the best joint supplements for dogs

Choosing the best joint supplements for dogs can feel very overwhelming. That's why we asked Dr. Godfrey what ingredients to look out for.

She says: "Joint supplements usually contain glucosamine and chondroitin, while some contain additional beneficial ingredients like hyaluronic acid, Boswellia, and green-lipped mussel extract.

"Although there are many similar products available, there are differences, so it’s important to choose a reputable brand that is open about its ingredients and uses research to back its claims. For instance, you might feel tempted to use human glucosamine supplements since they are often cheaper. However, dogs can’t absorb glucosamine sulfate, the human version. Instead, choose glucosamine hydrochloride."

Feeling confused about what these long-named ingredients mean? Here's a glossary to help:

• Glucosamine hydrochloride: An amino acid that's found naturally in cartilage (tissue that protects your bones and joints). This is often extracted from shellfish for supplements.
• Chondroitin: This chemical is also found naturally in the body and keeps cartilage healthy.
• Hyaluronic acid: This natural substance helps to lubricate the joints and keeps moisture locked in.
• Boswellia: A herbal extract from the Boswellia serrata tree that may be anti-inflammatory.
• Green-lipped mussel extract: Contains omega-3 fatty acids.
• Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM): This chemical is found in the body or can be produced in a lab. It helps to make collagen and glucosamine.
• Turmeric: A natural spice that may have anti-inflammatory properties.

Is it ever too late to give my dog joint supplements?

These supplements are a great way to keep your dog's body healthy. If your dog already has joint problems, you might be wondering if it's too late to start taking them.

Dr. Godfrey says that they're less effective in established arthritis and that pain relief medication is the most important thing to take with advanced cases. She explains that supplements have "comparatively little effect since the joint tissue is already so abnormal".

She says: "Joint supplements can be safely used in dogs from one year old when they've finished growing. By giving your dog joint supplements throughout their life, you’re doing all you can to prevent degenerative joint disease in the first place, which is particularly important if your dog's breed is genetically predisposed to arthritis."

How do I know if my dog needs a joint supplement?

Joint pain in dogs is very common, but how do you know if your pooch needs to take a supplement?

Dr. Godfrey explains: "Any dog can benefit from a joint supplement, especially those likely to develop arthritis in the future because of their breed, an injury, or a health condition. German shepherds, labradors, golden retrievers, springer spaniels, and some other breeds are prone to joint problems."

If your dog is prone to arthritis, she recommends starting joint supplements at an early age to help prevent it, and if they're already showing signs, they might still be useful. However, you should always consult your vet as they might need additional treatment to help with pain.

Do I need to ask my vet before giving my dog joint supplements?

Most joint supplements are very safe and you can easily buy them over the counter. However, Dr. Godfrey recommends telling your vet about any changes to your dog's care so they can check that it's appropriate, safe, and likely to work (plus whether your dog needs pain relief treatment).

“Paleo” or “ancestral” diets for dogs are rooted in the idea that what dogs ate in the past is best for them because it’s what they evolved with. Their teeth and digestive tract are built for the best raw dog food. And raw diets, whether homemade or store-bought, include muscle and organ meat, vegetables, and sometimes eggs or dairy — all things dogs (and their ancestors) encountered in the wild. 

But does that mean it’s right for your pup at home? Vets — and owners — are divided. The purported benefits of raw dog food include a shinier coat, smaller bowel movements, and better health for overweight dogs. But there’s little scientific evidence to back these up. What’s more, studies have shown that raw diets can lead to malnutrition and infections in both dogs and their owners. 

Dr. Georgina Ushi, DVM, shares a balanced view: "Dog owners should take into consideration that a raw diet may contain bacterial contaminants that pose a risk to human and animal health. However, an important benefit to note is that by feeding a raw diet, dog owners can avoid artificial additives, preservatives, and fillers that are commonly found in commercial dog foods.”

You’ll need to consult with your vet to decide if raw food is right for your dog — or if they’d be better off with one of the best dry dog foods or best wet dog foods. If you decide the benefits of a raw diet outweigh the risks, Dr. Ushi recommends “looking for options that are balanced and complete, providing essential nutrients such as protein, vitamins, and minerals.”

Below, we take a closer look at 9 of the best raw dog food options on the market and offer some tips on how to keep your dog and your household healthy, safe, and happy.

PetsRadar's pick of the best raw dog food

Nutriment is one of the best known brands in the UK for raw dog foods, and it has won multiple awards. It’s also one that you’ll likely to be able to pick up in lots of pet shops around the country, making it a convenient choice if you suddenly find your stocks are running low – or you don’t want to bulk buy in huge amounts. 

If you have a large dog, or want to stock up, as with most of the foods here, you’ll have to keep in mind the amount of freezer storage space you’ll need. One dog owner we asked recommended picking up small freezer that you could use specifically for this purpose. 

If you have a very small dog, you might find that portioning out Nutriment, which comes in 500g trays or 1.4kg “chubbs” is a bit more tricky, which is where those foods in “nugget” forms can be more appropriate. 

Nutriment was the first raw dog food to be assigned a “5/5” rating on the trusted AllAboutDogFood website, and it prides itself on using a variety of different proteins and ingredients to avoid intolerances and allergies. 

Meat is sourced from local farms across the UK, and you can read more about the source of all the ingredients on the Nutriment website. 

As one of the larger brands, it’s also able to offer good value for money. Naturally, how much you need to spend per day will depend on the size of your dog, but for small-medium dogs, you can get the cost down to less than £1 a day.

Natures Menu offer a fantastic selection of different raw dog foods (as well as non-raw options, too). 

If you’re just starting out with raw feeding, one of the things likely putting you off is the inconvenience of it. 

However, with these Natures Menu nuggets, you get a quick and easy way to try raw feeding which is almost as convenient as feeding standard kibble or wet food. 

Veterinary Education Manager from Natures Menu, Melanie Sainsbury, told us, “A key misconception is that feeding raw can be inconvenient. The Country Hunter Nuggets offer a great starter meal for those considering switching their dog to a raw diet. Simply select the number of nuggets you need before thawing and serving.”

Another plus point of these nuggets is that they come in relatively small packages (1kg), so although you will need access to a freezer, unless you've got an enormous dog, you won’t necessarily need to buy them their own unit. 

Because this is such a convenient option, it’s not the cheapest on the market. Again, if you have a very large dog, this will be especially the case as you’ll need to buy more. For those with smaller dogs or those who just want to give raw feeding a go, the price will be less of an issue.

This brand has been recommended to us by several dog owners. You can buy it direct from places like Amazon, but you can also set up a subscription service to have the food delivered directly to your door. 

If you’re new to raw feeding, a company like Bella & Duke are the ideal choice as the website contains lots of information for those who like to do their research, plus the dog owners we spoke to said that they received fantastic customer service and support whenever they had a question to ask. 

Although Bella & Duke offers a wide variety of different options, including food for puppies and senior dogs, and those with special requirements, we’ve picked the “Complete” option as a fantastic all-rounder, which should suit most dogs.

In order to avoid problems with intolerances and sensitivities, the proteins, vegetables and berries are changed regularly, and it’s recommended that you choose different options for your dog to give them a good dose of variety. 

One of the key things that our dog owners liked about Bella & Duke was the firm’s commitment to sustainability. 

All of the meat is sourced from BRC Accredited human-grade factories in the UK, while fruit and vegetables are also sourced locally. The company has been working on making its packaging more environmentally friendly, too.

Like many raw food brands, Bella & Duke is frozen, so you will need to ensure you have a good amount of freezer space – especially if you have a larger dog that obviously requires more food. 

Bella & Duke works out at excellent value for many dogs, but again, if you have a larger dog it can work out a little on the pricey side. 

While it won’t be winning any awards for its low prices anytime soon, Ziwi Peak’s range of air-dried raw dog food is a standout case of getting what you pay for. 

Made from 96% real NZ beef with organ meats and green mussels, the slow and gentle air-drying process locks in the nutrition and taste of raw dog food with the safety of dry kibble.

Grain-free, low-carb, and with a seriously short ingredient list, it’s made without unnecessary fillers and is suitable for all life stages and breeds. High in probiotics to aid digestion and full of chondroitin and glucosamine for joint health, there’s also plenty of omega-3 to keep your doggy’s coat looking its best.

We love that you can use this as a meal on its own or as a nutritional topper to other dishes, and the ethical and sustainable ingredient list features only free-range and grass-fed meats and wild-caught seafood. Raised without added hormones or antibiotics, this is one of the highest-quality raw dog foods on the market right now.

While customers have pointed out the expensive nature of this food, overall, this product receives glowing reviews with one pet parent writing: “My Maltese absolutely LOVES this food. It can be hard to get my little Maltese to eat food sometimes but not with Ziwi Peak. Both of my dogs go bonkers for this food. It's pricy but you don't need to feed as much because there isn't any filler. It is calorically dense. And of course, my babies are worth it. The food is soft as opposed to crunchy, so I think it tastes more like meat to them. One of my dogs had a few teeth pulled, making crunchy kibble a challenge. Ziwi is easy to eat for dogs with missing teeth or sensitive gums.”

If your budget can stretch to it, Ziwi Peak is a fantastic addition to a raw food diet or used in conjunction with your furkid's favorite wet or dry dog food brands. Available in six mouthwatering flavors and a variety of bag sizes, there's something to suit every doggy's tastebuds. 

Luna & Me has a fantastic backstory. Founded by a nutritionist who also happened to be a butcher’s daughter and a farmer’s granddaughter, she has fed her own dogs on a raw diet for her entire life.

If you’re just about to get a puppy and are contemplating starting them out on a raw food diet right from the beginning, these Luna & Me Puppy Power Patties are a great way to ease yourself in. 

As they’re so easy to serve up, there’s little fuss and you should also find there’s no waste.

They come in conveniently shaped patties which are quick to thaw, so there’s less time waiting (and taking up room in your fridge). 

They are best suited to working dogs, so if you have a less active breed, then they might not be quite as suitable – always double check with your vet, and if in doubt you can always give the Luna & Me team a call. 

The patties are made from all-natural ingredients, with no cheap fillers or “meal” to bulk it out. As these are for growing puppies who need extra nutrients, there are also carefully chosen superfoods with antioxidants, vitamins and minerals too. 

The ingredients are sourced locally, while the packaging has also been designed to be environmentally friendly as well. 

You can order just a few patties to get you started, but you’ll find the better value comes from bulk buying – should you do that, you’ll need to make sure you have plenty of freezer space.

Natural Instinct is a name that come up several times when we asked dog owners for their recommendations. 

The chicken recipe is particular popular, but there is plenty of other choice – one dog owner told us that the tripe recipe was quite “aromatic”, so it might not be suitable for those with sensitive noses.

A partner of Natural Instinct, a Canine Specialist and Animal Behaviourist, Kirsten Dillon, said, “As a dog trainer and behaviourist I will always recommend that a dog is fed on a complete raw diet. 

Raw food has no additives and preservatives, so I can be sure that these are not contributing factors, as we know for sure additives can act the same way in dogs as they do in children.” 

The ingredients in Natural Instinct are made from human-grade ingredients, with this particular meal option featuring 80% chicken with bone. As with most raw foods, it is frozen – but you can choose pack sizes of 2x500g or 1kg. 

Having the option will help to reduce wastage, as you can just defrost exactly what you need, as you need it. 

This is another popular brand that you’ll likely find in many different pet shops and online retailers, so you don’t necessarily need to stock up in huge quantities if you don’t have the freezer space – though you will find it’s better value for money if you can buy in bulk. Overall, Natural Instinct is a great-value offering, though.

One of the most inconvenient things about raw feeding, compared with standard feeding, is that you’ll generally need a lot of freezer space to accommodate all that raw food. 

If you have a small house, or you like to travel with your dog, it might not be possible to do that. That’s where foods like Pure Brilliant come in. This uses freeze drying to keep the food fresh, without requiring any freezer space. 

The trade off is that it can be more expensive to feed your dog in this way, as you’re paying for the convenience. If you only have a small dog, the difference in price might be quite minimal, but for those with larger dogs it could become a bigger problem. 

A small 2kg box of Brilliant Beef makes 8kg of fresh food, so not only does it not require masses of freezer space, it also shouldn’t take up too much room in your cupboard either. You can also buy this food in a variety of pet shops, as well as online, so if your stocks are running low, it shouldn’t be hard to restock. 

This food is grain and potato free, and also has added superfood ingredients. It scores well with dog owners who say that they have fussy pooches, especially those with various meat intolerances (such as to chicken).

If you're looking for something to top or mix in with your dog's current meal, these meaty morsels from Stella & Chewy are well worth considering. Delicious and nutritious, they're made from high-quality turkey, goose and duck, alongside a range of fruits and vegetables and added vitamins and minerals which ensure your canine companion gets everything they need to stay fit and healthy.

Made in small batches with all the ingredients responsibly sourced, these toppers are all natural and minimally processed. Freeze-dried to lock in the goodness, they contain no hormones, antibiotics, grains, peas, lentils or potatoes. Offering 100% complete and balanced nutrition, they're perfect for all breeds regardless of age or size.

Whether you're looking to improve your dog's digestion, provide relief from allergies,  give their skin and coat a lovely shine or their energy a boost, these toppers offer outstanding nutrition that can do all that and more. Just a word of caution though, per portion size, these toppers do tend to work out quite expensive, so they may not be the best option if you're on a budget.

Rather than feed your dog kibble, you may want to try giving them a raw-meal alternative. In this case, the bite-sized chunks are made from freeze-dried raw meat which the manufacturer claims contains three times more real meat and organs than dry food in general.

Aside from the chicken – reared outside of cages which is an important factor – the meals also contain fruits and vegetables and these include apples, carrots, sweet potatoes and butternut squash. As with the meat (chicken, chicken liver and heart), it's all natural and non-GMO. None of it has been cooked either, hence the raw credentials – all nutrients are intact.

But how does it taste? The good news is that, according to owners, these raw meals go down very well even among picky eaters. Very few refuse to touch the food and some owners say they also make for great treats as well. Yes, they're not the cheapest food around but if you want to help your dog to be healthy and energetic, it could well be worth splashing out.

How to choose the best raw dog food

There are lots of different options out there when it comes to the best raw dog foods. Before you consider any of them, you should double check it’s the right decision. 

Dr Jessica May, UK lead vet at video vet service FirstVet, says, “You should also consider checking in with a vet about any big changes you have planned for your dog’s diet, to make sure the one you are choosing is right for them."

Storage space

The first thing you’ll likely want to consider is how much storage space you have for the food. Lots of dog owners tell us that they have had to invest in a separate freezer to house their dog’s food – that won’t be a possibility for every dog owner. 

If it isn’t, look for raw food that comes in smaller quantities, portion-controlled packaging or freeze-dried food that can be stored in a cupboard. You’ll likely pay a small premium for the convenience, but if you want to go down the raw feeding route it’s worth it. That leads us on to the next thing to consider – your budget.

Budget

Raw feeding at first seems like an expensive way to go, but since most dogs tend to need less raw food than the equivalent “standard” food, you might find out it works out cheaper than you think. Most dog food websites have calculators to help you figure out the affordability of their products. 

Ingredients

Next up – it’s ingredients. Always pay attention to which ingredients are in your chosen food – it can help you to identify any intolerances (and of course, any preferences). 

Availability 

Finally, ease of availability or deliverer should also be considered. If you should find yourself running low, being able to pick up your chosen brand from the local pet store may elevate it above harder to find or bespoke brands – but if you are quite an organised person, it’ll be less of a worry.

There’s nothing scarier than losing your cat or dog, and if you find yourself in this situation, having one of the best GPS trackers for pets will make it much easier to be reunited with your animal.

Not only do these devices let you track your pet’s real-time location on a map, but they can also show you where they’ve previously been – and some models even offer health reports, voice commands for recall training, and alerts if your pet strays too far from home.

We know that GPS trackers aren’t the cheapest, so to save you time and money, the PetsRadar review panel has been busy testing them out – and the PitPat model scored top points. Below, you’ll find five of our recommendations, all of which have been rigorously tested on our cats and dogs and offer a range of price points and features.

The quick list

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The best GPS trackers for pets we recommend

Best GPS tracker for dogs

WHAT'S GOOD: My favorite thing about this pet tracker? It’s 100% subscription-free, so you don’t have to worry about pesky payments coming out of your account each month. I’ve trolled through pages and pages of trackers, and it’s very rare to find one that doesn’t require this commitment.

We gave this to Sophie Cheeseman, art editor at our sister publication Horse and Hound, to try out on her whippets, Frank and Bluebell. After losing Frank on a walk during testing, she was relieved that she could track him to a specific point on a road and call a family member to retrieve him, saving a lot of stress. Sophie praised its accuracy and says it shows you exactly where your dog is.

This tracker is the lightest model we’ve tested, weighing just 0.37 oz – similar to two sheets of printer paper – and it easily attaches to your dog’s collar without them even noticing. You won’t need to worry about it falling off either; the straps use parachute-grade Velcro, which Sophie says is “strong” and “fits neatly.”

Perfect for adventures, the device has an IP67 waterproof rating, meaning it can withstand swimming, diving, hydrotherapy, and watersports – you name it! Frank and Bluebell went for a 30-minute dip in meter-high water, and Sophie confirmed it worked perfectly fine afterward. You can also monitor your pet’s activity, including how far they walk, play, and rest, as well as feeding recommendations based on their weight and activity levels.

Pet trackers might seem a little daunting to set up, but Sophie reassures that the instructions were clear to follow and the device is easy to use – it even notifies you when the battery is getting low.

WHAT'S NOT SO GOOD: This might be the most expensive option in the guide, costing $199.99 (or £169.99), but it’s well worth the cost considering you don’t have to fork out each month for a subscription.

However, if you’re not quite ready for such a big lump sum, PitPat also offers a subscription-based model to UK customers for £12 a month, with the tracker coming free.

Sophie says that the tracker does take a few minutes to locate the dog, but once it’s up and running, it offers excellent accuracy on their whereabouts. It’s also worth noting that you won’t be able to track your dog if they go underground or indoors – it’s mainly built for outdoor use.

While we’re yet to find a model that works underground, the Tractive GPS Dog XL Tracker and Weenect Dog GPS Tracker can be used inside (though they might not be as accurate).

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Best GPS tracker for cats

WHAT'S GOOD: Tractive's Cat Mini lets you monitor your feline's location from anywhere in the world, offering an unlimited tracking range and live updates. PetsRadar editor Georgia Guerin and I have both tested this little gadget on our cats and were seriously impressed with how easy it was to install – I had it up and running in around five minutes.

I've always been curious about where my cats go every day, so I've had so much fun tracking their whereabouts using the app – you can see them moving in real time on a map, which is fascinating to watch. As well as keeping tabs on their live location, you can also get an understanding of how far they roam, thanks to the territory feature that lets you see previous routes and their favorite spots to hang out in.

If you're concerned about your cat venturing too far, you can set up a virtual fence, and if they cross that boundary, you'll be alerted instantly and able to watch where they go next. The tracker also gives you useful insights into your cat's activity levels, including how long they slept and exercised each day, which can tell you a lot about their health. It alerts you to any unusual changes, which could potentially help spot concerns early.

One of my favorite things about this tracker is that your cat will be added to a leaderboard, where cats wearing the Tractive tracker compete based on how much activity they’ve done. You can add a name and profile picture for your pet, and it’s interesting to see what’s normal.

WHAT'S NOT SO GOOD: Since the tracker is fitted with a built-in SIM card, you’ll need to pay a monthly subscription fee to cover those costs, which starts from $5/month (or £4.50/month) for the basic plan. If you want to access family sharing, 365-day location history, and worldwide coverage, you'll need to upgrade to the premium option. However, this can be paused at any time (and I can confirm they won't charge you!)

Once my cat had gotten used to the tracker on his collar, he didn't show any signs of discomfort. However, it does look a little bit bulky, so it's not something I would choose to keep on him 24/7 – I personally only use it when I'm feeling curious or when I go on vacation.

Georgia also noted that, in comparison to the Weenect Cat GPS Tracker, it didn't stay on her cat's collar quite as well. However, I didn't experience a problem with it falling off, so it might be a personal thing depending on what your cat gets up to.

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Best GPS tracker for cats who like to remove their collar

WHAT'S GOOD: Does your cat have a tendency to remove their collar? If the answer is yes, I'd recommend choosing the Weenect Cat GPS Tracker, which was tested and approved by Georgia.

She was impressed with how well this tracker stayed on her cat's collar compared to the Tractive Cat Mini, which she also tested. It features a secure buckle to keep it in place, along with a curved design that prevents it from getting caught on trees and branches – helping to keep your cat safe.

Once you've attached it to your cat, you'll be able to track their live location from anywhere in the world, with GPS updates every second and an unlimited range. If you want to see what your cat has been up to in the past, you can view their route history and discover which territories they spend the most time in.

The tracker also includes a recall feature, where you can train your cat to come back when it rings and vibrates – whether that’s for mealtimes or out of worry. You can also monitor their activity, which helps you keep an eye on their health and fitness and could be life-saving if it detects early signs of illness.

Battery life is around two to three days when left on 24/7 without using Wi-Fi zones, but it can last longer if you do. This tracker is small and lightweight, weighing just under an ounce – in fact, Georgia’s cat didn’t even notice it was on!

The tracker comes with a collar to attach it to, and there's a built-in light too, making it easier to find your cat when it gets dark outside.

WHAT'S NOT SO GOOD: This tracker might be moderately priced upfront, but it's worth bearing in mind that you'll have to pay a monthly subscription fee, starting from $5.56/month (£4.16/month) in the UK.

This tracker is still impressively small, but if you're looking for the tiniest option possible, go for the Tractive Cat Mini instead.

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Best GPS tracker for large dogs

WHAT'S GOOD: If you have a large dog, I'd recommend choosing the Tractive GPS Dog XL Tracker, which is made specifically for pups over 50 lbs with an extra-strong, bite-proof design.

It offers GPS tracking with an unlimited range, helping you keep a close eye on your dog's whereabouts from anywhere in the world. For dogs that are prone to escaping, you can set up a virtual fence – if they cross that boundary, you'll be alerted to their location right away.

Our tester, Emily, said that compared to other trackers she tried, this one was very secure and stayed in place much better – even during active walks in the woods! It might look like quite a bulky design, but Emily reassures us that her dog wasn't bothered by it. She also praised the live tracking feature, which is great for directing you to your dog.

Like the other Tractive devices in this guide, this tracker has loads of cool features, like sleep and activity monitoring, which can be very useful for spotting changes in health and detecting any problems early.

You can keep an eye on their heart rate and respiratory rate, as well as how long they've slept and been active – painting a useful picture of their baseline health to refer back to if you have concerns. Emily says: "I found it really easy to set up; it's clear how you're meant to get it all started and how to program it to your dog."

WHAT'S NOT SO GOOD: The biggest downside to this pet tracker is that if you lose signal, it's not going to work so well – but this is pretty standard for most trackers that rely on a GPS signal. Unlike the PitPat model, the device can be used indoors, but it won't work if your dog goes underground – which is worth bearing in mind.

You'll need to pay a monthly subscription, which starts at $5 a month in the US or £4.50 a month in the UK (which is pretty average from my research).

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Best GPS tracker for small dogs

WHAT'S GOOD: The Weenect XS is the smallest dog tracker in this guide, about the size of a standard AA battery and weighing roughly the same as a tablespoon of peanut butter. This compact size makes it perfect for small dog breeds – they'll probably forget it's even on their collar!

You can track your dog’s location via an app, with live updates every second so you’re never out of the loop. If you want to ensure your dog stays within a certain parameter (e.g., no further than your yard), you can set up a virtual fence and be alerted when they cross your set boundaries, which is great for peace of mind.

Not only can you keep an eye on your pet's whereabouts, but the device also offers activity monitoring, providing a report on their behavior – helpful for flagging any potential health concerns.

And if you want to brush up on your dog's recall, the tracker has a remote ring or vibrate feature, which you can train them to respond to. It also comes with a built-in flashlight so you can find them more easily in the dark, and it has a waterproof design that can withstand up to 1.5 meters of water for 60 minutes.

On top of all that, the battery life is super impressive – offering up to 10 days of power while in Wi-Fi zones or three days with continuous tracking. It's perfect for people like me who always forget to charge their devices!

WHAT'S NOT SO GOOD: While the initial cost isn't too expensive, you'll need to be prepared for monthly payments, as this tracker requires a subscription starting from $5.56/month (or £4.16/month). If that's a dealbreaker, choose the PitPat Tracker, which is completely free once you've bought the device.

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Other GPS trackers for pets to consider

Tractive GPS Dog Tracker

This waterproof tracker has unlimited range and monitors your dog's location, sleep, activity levels, and changes in behavior. However, when our tester tried it out, she was disappointed by how slow it was to update her dog's location and found it unreliable in areas with poor signal.

How we tested the best GPS trackers for pets

Your pet's safety is our number one priority – we understand how precious they are and how awful it feels to lose them, even if it's just for a split second. That's why we've put the best GPS trackers for pets through rigorous testing to help you choose the right one.

After researching the top models on the market, reading reviews, and assessing specs, our testers followed these criteria:

User-friendly: Was the tracker quick to set-up and easy to use? Were the instructions clear to follow?

Adventure-proof: Is the tracker durable? Is it really waterproof?

Fit for purpose: Did the tracker actually work when put to the test? And even more importantly, did the pet want to wear it?

Bonus features: Does the tracker have any cool features, like health monitoring or virtual fence alarms? If so, are they worthwhile?

Hidden costs: You might not expect a pet tracker to have subscription costs, so we made it clear if they do. That way, there's no unwanted surprises for you later down the line.

For more information, read our dedicated page on how we test.

Who tested the best GPS trackers for pets

Wondering who's behind these reviews? Meet our testing team below:

How to choose the best GPS trackers for pets

The breed and species of your pet will be a big driver in choosing a particular tracker over another; larger breeds can easily accommodate larger trackers – and they're often the breeds you'll want to use them on anyway – whereas smaller dogs or cats might look a little silly with a large tracking module around their necks.

A good pet-safe collar is a must, so your pet will need to be used to wearing a collar at all times if you want constant tracking. There's not much that can be done about this. People sometimes think a pet tracker can be injected or embedded, in the same manner as a traditional microchip ID. That's just not the case; they need complex electronics and batteries.

Bear in mind that attaching these to a safe collar – one that will break should your pet's neck get snagged- means the possibility of losing the tracker. Luckily, GPS trackers do, by their nature, have tracking built in, so they're relatively easy to find again if they get dropped.

One final point: the pet tracker market is, shall we say, a little volatile. More than one tracker has come along and rather abruptly disappeared, meaning it's well worth considering the likely longevity of not only the tracking hardware but the software backing connected models up.

If the manufacturer pulls the plug, which is always a risk, that nifty collar accessory could turn into nothing more than a plastic pendant. Tractive is a strong choice for us because it's been around for a while, for example.

You’ll also need to keep up with the subscription fees on connected trackers; they’re typically not super-high, but tracking a household full of pets could make GPS trackers rather expensive to run.

GPS vs Bluetooth pet trackers

Broadly speaking, there are two main tracking technologies that the best pet trackers use; GPS and Bluetooth. But what is the difference between these two technologies, and which is the best choice for you?

GPS

GPS is the main type of pet tracker, and it stands for Global Positioning System. These trackers use a network of 30+ navigation satellites orbiting the Earth, which constantly send out signals. GPS trackers pick up these signals and use them to determine a location by comparing the time it takes each signal to approximate the device’s location, typically within three to five meters.

The advantage of a GPS device is that it doesn’t require an internet connection, instead it uses a mobile network connection for tracking. That’s also the main downside too though – since they require a mobile network, they almost always come with a monthly cost to pay for the network usage, much like a cell phone.

Bluetooth

The other main option you’ll find is Bluetooth trackers. These devices send out a secure Bluetooth signal that can be picked up by devices within range. This means they’re much more limited in range than GPS trackers, as they need to be within range of a compatible device to be picked up.

The upside is that they’re cheaper, don’t require subscription plans, and have much longer battery lives – some last several years. They’re also much more accurate, giving you your pet's exact location instead of the roughly 10-meter radius that you’ll get from GPS.

Which is better?

Both types of devices have their pros and cons. If you’re pretty sure your pet isn’t going to gallop off into the wilderness, then Bluetooth trackers are a great budget option, but GPS trackers are the more comprehensive option for ultimate peace of mind. You’ll need to weigh up the costs and risks to decide which option is best for you.

Is AirTag better than GPS tracker for pets?

No, Apple AirTags are not better than GPS trackers for pets – here’s why:

• Unreliable: Since AirTags rely on the Find My network, you can't track your pet if there are no nearby Apple devices.
• No live tracking: AirTags won’t show second-by-second updates of your pet’s location, unlike pet GPS trackers.
• No alerts: You won’t be notified if your pet escapes or ventures too far, as it doesn’t offer virtual fence features.

Is there a pet GPS tracker without a monthly fee?

Yes, PitPat GPS Tracker for Dogs is subscription-free (and can also be used on cats).

Do vets recommend GPS trackers for pets?

Do vets recommend pet GPS trackers? I asked Dr Rebecca MacMillan to find out.

She says: "I definitely think GPS trackers are a good idea for pets, especially ones that tend to wander off! GPS trackers give a real-time location, meaning that pets can be more readily reunited with their owners.

"They are especially useful for easily distracted dogs with variable recall training. A good example is working dogs with a high prey drive who will chase off after a scent. A quality tracker will help you quickly find and retrieve your pet. Trackers are not a replacement for training, however, but they are a useful aid.

"GPS trackers can also give cat owners peace of mind as to their pet’s whereabouts. Some trackers even have a geofencing option, so that an alert can be sent when your cat strays too far from home. The main disadvantage is that cats are more liable to lose their tracker.

“Your cat must wear a safety or breakaway collar when out and about in case they get snagged on something like a branch. If their collar comes off, then so does the tracker. So, this is worth bearing in mind when deciding how much to spend. Trackers will also not protect your cat or dog against theft, as the tracker can easily be removed and discarded."

Read next: How to find a lost dog or how far cats roam

Edited by Georgia Guerin and Alexis De Leaver.

If you want to brighten up your fur friend's day, feeding them the best cat treats is a great way about it. They come in a variety of forms, from crunchy biscuits to lickable stews, and some of them even have health benefits, like cleaning tartar off your cat's teeth.

For those wondering, 'Can you train a cat?' the answer is yes, and having some tasty treats will go a long way in the process. Cats don't respond to punishment; instead, they're motivated by the best cat toys, grooming, praise, catnip or food. While treats are fine in moderation, you might want to opt for a low calorie option to ensure they don't exceed their daily allowance.

My cats Chilli and Nala are certainly food-motivated, so I've tested my fair share of treats over the years. To help you find the best ones, we've tested a wide range and rounded up our favorites below:

The best cat treats 2026

Photos from testing

How we tested the best cat treats

To find you the very best cat treats, I spent hours researching the top brands and products on the market. I scanned every single ingredient to ensure they didn't contain any unhealthy fillers or nasty additives to give you peace of mind.

Once I'd selected the best options, the PetsRadar testing team gave them to their cats to try out and judged them on the following factors:

Taste
Cat treats are designed to be tasty, so of course, this was a very important consideration. We assessed this based on whether they finished the treats and how keen they were to have more.

Value for money
No one wants to waste money on a bad product - especially with the current cost of living crisis. We included a range of price points and decided if they were good value for money based on the quality and quantity.

Storage and smell
We also included whether they're easy to store with resealable packaging, and if they have a strong smell you might want to know about.

Here's more information on how we test.

How to choose the best cat treats

Cats love a treat and your feline friend would eat a lot more of them if you let them. But too many won’t be good for your cat so you really need to consider how many calories a treat may contain. If they are high in calories, you only want to give them one or two a day. However, if you want to give them more, you could feed them less of their main diet to balance the calories.

Definitely pay attention to the ingredients. Natural ingredients that contain real meat or fish are the best choice; they provide plenty of protein
and nutrients, and boost your kitty’s health. Your cat might also prefer a particular flavor.

Should you try wet or dry? Wet is typically a tastier, more natural treat, but again, this depends on the ingredients. Dry treats – especially freeze-dried treats – have the benefit of not only being tasty, but also of being good for cat's dental hygiene, and helping to reduce the build-up of plaque and tartar.

What are the healthiest treats for cats?

“To find a healthy cat treat, look for something low in calories and high in protein (unless your cat has kidney disease),” Woodnutt advises. “This often means cubes of dried or freeze-dried meats are a good option. However, all treats can be unhealthy in excess.

"It’s essential to remember that more than 50% of cats in the US and UK are obese, and eating too many calories from treats plays a large part in that. You should ensure that no more than 10% of your cat’s daily calorie intake comes from treats, and their dinner is reduced accordingly.”

If your feline is overweight, our feature on healthy weight loss for cats might be useful.

Is it okay to give cats treats every day?

“While it’s OK to give cats treats every day, it’s essential they aren’t eating too many calories overall,” explains Woodnutt. “An average 4kg cat can have only about 19 calories of treats a day. If you struggle to keep below this because your cat’s favorite treat is calorific, you may have to feed treats only every few days to ensure they aren’t getting too many calories and gaining weight.”

Are cat treats addictive?

A lot of cat owners have noticed the love that their pets have for treats, leading them to wonder if they're addictive. We asked vet Dr Rebecca MacMillan if this is something you need to be concerned about.

“Cats are no different to us when it comes to tasty snacks! While there is no specific ingredient in treats that makes them addictive, the right combination of protein and fat can be very moreish,” explains MacMillan. “When a cat eats a treat it causes dopamine to be released in their body, a ‘pleasure’ hormone. This feel-good hit is what drives your cat to seek out more treats again in the future, making them seem like they are addicted.”

So, you can breathe a sigh of relief because there isn’t any secret cat version of Nicotine hiding in your pet’s snacks – they’re just delicious! You do need to be careful though, and regulate how many treats you’re giving your cat because whether you walk on four legs or two, the consequences of overindulging in snacks are the same.

“The cat treats that tend to be the tastiest and most appealing can be quite calorific. Too many treats like this can lead to weight gain and an unbalanced diet, so they need to be given occasionally,” explains MacMillan.

As we mentioned above when talking about if it’s okay to give cats treats every day, you should be aiming for around 19 calories worth of snacks per day as a rough guideline.

You might also want to learn how to make cat treats at home.

There are lots of reasons why you should invest in the best microchip cat flap. Not only will it stop random cats from entering your home, but with some, you can even track your feline’s whereabouts. Both of these features are really helpful if you’re not always at home, and will give you peace of mind that your cat is safe and happy.

If a stray comes into your home, it can leave your cat feeling stressed, anxious and traumatized, according to cat behaviorist Amanda Campion. This is especially true if they start stealing the best cat food you’ve left out.

If you’re new to the world of microchip cat flaps and need a little guidance, you’ll want to keep on reading. We’ve tested five of the best options on the market, taking affordability, user experience, and functionality into consideration. Stick around to find out why I chose the SureFlap Microchip Cat Door Connect with Hub as my top pick.

The quick list

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The best microchip cat flaps we recommend

Best overall microchip cat flap

It might not be the cheapest option on the market, but our tester Toby says the SureFlap Microchip Cat Door Connect with Hub is well worth the money.

You can control the cat flap from anywhere in the world; all you have to do is connect it to an app. This includes setting curfews, remotely locking and unlocking, getting notifications of your cat's whereabouts, and of course, stopping intruders coming in your home. Toby says these features are all "reassuring".

With so many features, you might be under the impression that it's hard to install, but Toby confirms that this isn't the case.

He says: "Setup was very simple. There's a paper guide for the cut holes to make, it fits tightly with little draft, and setting up the cats is just a case of putting them on one side, pushing a button, and coaxing them through the flap with some treats. The Connect app is simple enough and can have multiple users, allowing notifications for cats coming/going and changing curfew times, etc."

Toby also notes that you can select which cats get access outside and which ones do not – perfect for when cats need to stay inside due to things like medical issues. He's also linked his cat flap to his Home Assistant [a home automation system]. This allows him to set up other automations, like turning the lights on and off when he wants to know his cat is home for his medication.

He says: "We had a small issue with one of our cats learning how to ‘break out’ by picking the lock mechanism, but SureFlap provided a free replacement door panel that had a 3D-printed lip over the latch which stopped that happening ever again."

You can register up to 32 cats per household and share app access with other people. It's compatible with all common microchips or their RFID collar (bought separately on Amazon). If you're not sure if your cat's will work, you can check on their website. If you're thinking of installing it in glass, you'll need to buy their adaptor separately.

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Runner-up microchip cat flap

Our tester Toby tried out the SureFlap Microchip Cat Flap, which he describes in three words as "reliable, robust and simple".

Toby says it's easy to use and very simple – to register a cat, you just need to push a button and coax them through the cat flap with some treats. The device can store up to 32 different cats, and even if you take out the batteries, it will still remember every pet.

The cat flap comes with a paper template to give you a helping hand with cutting the doors. However, if you're thinking of installing it in glass or a metal door, you'll need to buy their mounting adaptor separately (available on Amazon). And if it's going in a wall, you'll need their tunnel extender (also available on Amazon).

Toby says: "It works great, [I] had some issues with the lock mechanism being popped off by our cat, but [it] was replaced half a dozen times by SureFlap without any questions (and their newer models reportedly fixed the issue entirely)."

You'll need four AA batteries to get started and when the charge starts to run low, you'll be notified with a flashing light. Toby says it's easy to clean as it's smooth plastic.

So, how does it weigh up against the SureFlap Microchip Cat Door Connect with Hub that Toby also tested?

He says: "If you want automatic curfews, or clarity on your pets' activities and controlling their movement for the purpose of medicines etc, the smarter one is the way to go. Otherwise, the standard microchip one is great – as long as you don't mind cats coming in/out all the time or manually locking it."

This one is compatible with all common identification microchips or the RFID collar tag (which can be bought separately on Amazon).

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Best microchip cat flap for simplicity

I've grown up with cats all my life, so I'm very familiar with stray cats entering the house (and the chaos that unfolds afterward). I've been woken up countless times to the sound of screeching in the kitchen at 3am so when I found out a microchip cat flap could put a stop to this, I was overjoyed.

This PetSafe option features a four-way manual locking system and can register up to 40 cats per home (a girl can dream). Not only was it super easy to install but it also features two magnetic closing points to help keep the draught out. This makes it a great energy efficient option, something that's important to most people (including myself). It's also one of the cheapest options in this guide, proof that you don't need to spend the most to get results.

I was pleasantly surprised at just how easy it was to connect to my cat's microchip. I simply held down the button for five seconds, popped her head through and it was good to go. As someone who hates reading instructions, I can vouch for these – they were simple to follow, clear to read, and didn't require 100 fiddly steps.

However, if you want to install it onto a metal door, you'll need to buy an installation adaptor separately (these are around $15 on Amazon). The same goes for walls or double-glazed glass. It's compatible with 15-digit microchip numbers (FDX-B, 977 and 985), as well as the PetSafe Microchip Cat Door Key which can be attached to the collar.

Nala the cat was a little cautious of the cat flap at first (like she is with everything) and it took her a few tries to get used to it. But the cat flap does what it says on the tin and opens every time for her, just as promised.

You'll need four AA batteries to get started, and the cat flap will flash every 10 seconds if it's running low on charge. This means you'll have plenty of time to replace the batteries and your furry friend won't be left in the cold!

This model is pretty similar to the SureFlap Microchip Cat Flap, except from the slightly larger dimensions and a lower price point.

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Best microchip cat flap with timer control

If you want a bit more control over your cat flap (without downloading yet another app), then the Cat Mate Elite Microchip Cat Flap with Timer Control is for you.

This model features an LCD screen that shows you whether your cat is in or out, the lock status, and the last time the door was used. For the latter, it can do this for up to three cats. If you're lucky enough to own more than 10 cats, you'll want to pick another model (like the SureFlap Microchip Cat Door Connect with Hub Bundle) because this has a limit of nine registrations.

The cat flap is compatible with nine, 10, and 15-digit microchips, as well as the Cat Mate ID Discs, which can be bought separately on Amazon. You'll be pleased to hear that it's draught- and weather-proof, thanks to the magnetic closure and sealed flap. If you're hoping to install this in a wall, it's worth noting that you'll need to buy the Cat Mate Elite Wall Liners separately, but these cost less than $15.

It only took me five minutes and a few easy steps to program the cat flap to the ID disk. The setup was really simple and the instructions weren’t difficult to follow. You need four AA batteries to turn it on, which are a little difficult to put in but should last you a year. I struggled to connect it to my cat’s microchips, but the ID disc worked fine and easily clipped onto their collar (it even had space to write my contact details on).

The timer control allows you to set a curfew for your cat – something that will definitely come in handy for my cats, Nala and Chilli! One thing to keep in mind is that your cat needs to press their head onto the flap for it to open, which might take a little while for them to get used to.

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Best microchip cat flap on a budget

Microchip cat flaps can get a little pricey, especially if you're opting for one with high-tech features. If you're looking for something that's low-key and a bit more affordable, then the Cat Mate Microchip Cat Door could be a good option for you.

You can register up to 30 cats on the device and the four-way lock system means you have total control over your cats going in and out. This model is a great energy-efficient option, due to the magnetic closure and fluffy weather-stripping insulation. For those who want to install a cat flap into walls or glass panels, you'll need to buy their adaptor separately, which costs $28.50.

It's compatible with 15-digit ISO, and nine and 10-digit AVID microchips, but you can buy their ID disk collar if your furry friend isn't microchipped. You’ll need four AA batteries to get started, which should last you a whole year before you need to replace them.

This cat flap is simple to set up and has clear instructions to follow. While I couldn’t get it to work with my cats’ microchips, it’s easily connected to Cat Mate’s collars and opens quickly when your cat presses their head into the flap.

It might not have any fancy features, like the remote-controlled app on the SureFlap Microchip Cat Door Connect with Hub Bundle, but it’s a great no-frills option if you’ve never tried one before.

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Other cat flaps to consider

Lessmon Cat Door

If you're looking for something more affordable, the Lessmon Cat Door is a trusty option that we've had in our house for years. While it doesn't have the microchip feature – or the ability to monitor your cat's activity – it provides easy access for your cats, was simple to install, and costs under $12.

How we tested the best microchip cat flap

Microchip cat flaps tend to be a little more pricy than traditional ones, so we understand you want to get it right. To save you from wasting your money, we selected high-quality cat flaps on the market and put them to the test on real cat owners. We took into consideration the following factors:

1. Value for money
Everyone deserves the best microchip cat flap, which is why we tried to include a range of price points to make it more accessible.

2. Setup
No one has time to spend hours figuring out how to use a cat flap, which is why set-up was a very important testing factor. We can confirm that all of the cat flaps in this guide are easy to use with a simple set-up.

The last thing you want is to buy a cat flap and not be able to use it, which is why we've let you know if you need any additional things to get started (like an app or adaptor). This means you won't have any surprises when it comes to setting it up. If you've never set one up before, here's how to install a pet door in nine easy steps.

3. Additional features
Whether it connects to an app or has a timer control, we've highlighted all of the great features on these cat flaps. But for those who just want something simple, we included some more basic options too.

4. Microchip
We also considered which microchips the cat flaps are compatible with and whether an alternative collar can be used instead.

5. Fit for purpose
While everything above is super important, the most crucial factor is whether your cats actually want to use it. We tested these products out on our own feline friends to see how easy it was for them to use.

If you're spending money on a new device, you want it to work effectively, so we ensured each product does what it says on the tin and opens when they try to get through.

For additional information, read our dedicated page on how we test.

Meet our review panel

How to choose the best microchip cat flap

Not sure where to start when thinking about microchip cat flap specifications? Start here…

1. Power source

You can either have an external power source for the cat flap, or it can be battery powered. There are pros and cons to each – but batteries are often considered better overall as it gives you maximum flexibility over where to place the flap, there’s no chance of creating trip hazards with wires, and they’ll keep working even if the power supply is otherwise interrupted.

If you do decide to go for a battery-powered cat flap, you might want to look for one that offers an indicator as to when the battery is running low so you can recharge or replace the batteries.

2. Size of cat

You’ll need to make sure that whatever cat flap you buy fits your feline friend with ease. This might sound obvious, but it’s worth double-checking the size of the aperture against the size of your cat, particularly if yours is on the large side.

You’ll also need to think about whether the flap is suitably sized for where you intend to install it – such as a back door. Some will need extra accessories or adapters around the flap, which should be taken into account too.

3. Weather resistance

If you live somewhere that is prone to lots of rain or snow, you should also look for flaps that promise to withstand tough weather conditions.

4. Energy efficiency

If your cat flap is placed on a door that leads directly into a main living space, you might want to think about its weather-sealing, to keep draughts and breezes out and ensure you’re not losing valuable energy from your home.

This might be slightly less important if your cat flap is placed somewhere like a porch or external area, but it’s always worth thinking about the best ways to keep the heat in. Some devices use things like a triple-flap setup to ensure there’s never a direct airflow from outside to inside.

5. Number of cats

If you’ve got more than one cat, you’ll need to make sure you pick a flap that can recognize multiple moggies. Most of them can do this, but, if you have cats with different needs – such as ones that shouldn’t be let out after a certain time – you’ll also need to check whether or not you can set specific rules for specific cats.

If you're still feeling stuck, here's a quick comparison of all the microchip cat flaps we've tested:

Do microchip cat flaps work?

Simple answer? Yes, they do. Once you have set them up – and assuming the batteries have not run out – these cat flaps will recognize your moggies by reading the microchip implanted into their neck, thereby allowing the little door to open. The flap should then close behind your cat and not allow any other felines with an unrecognizable chip to enter, giving a feline peace of mind.

There is, however, one way an intruder cat may be able to get in: by tailgating. This is rather unavoidable because a neighborhood cat can easily get up close to your feline's bottom and seize the opportunity to enter while the flap is still fully open. Another animal could also place a sneaky paw within an open door to prevent it from closing again.

One thing's for sure, the microchip cat flap isn't going to forcibly push a tailgating cat back but such incidents are going to be rare. In most cases, once a flap has closed again, it will lock within seconds. It's also worth pointing out that a microchip cat flap won't stop your moggy from voluntarily bringing in small animals, alive or dead, either.

If you want to learn more, read our expert's guide on how microchip cat flaps work.

How long does a microchip cat flap work?

The microchip cat flap itself should last for years – it's the batteries that will fail first. Not to worry, though, because they're easily replaceable and, if you opt for rechargeable ones, they're not going to be especially costly or inconvenient in the long run either.

The good news is that the microchip inside your cat should last for a lifetime. They are inserted into your cat by a vet and they are not known to fail or break.

Is it worth getting a microchip cat flap?

Cat flaps provide such great assistance as you know your cat can come and go even if you are not there. No more worrying about them being left outside if it starts to rain for example. But they also have a disadvantage in that every roaming feline can use them too and often they do!

To counter this magnetic cat flaps appeared but these types can ruin the cat collar rapidly and then they won’t work. Enter the microchip cat flap… which resolves all these issues and some you didn't realize you needed such as allowing some of your cats in and out but not others, they also prevent wildlife like foxes from coming into your house. Overall yes they are worth it even if they do cost a little more time and money in the setup.

Should I microchip my cat?

If you haven't microchipped your cat, you might be wondering if you need to.

Amanda says: "Microchipping offers numerous benefits for cats and their owners. Firstly, it provides a reliable method of identification, enabling lost or stray cats to be reunited with their parents swiftly. This can alleviate the stress and worry associated with losing a beloved pet and increase the likelihood of a happy reunion.

"Secondly, microchipping helps deter pet theft and illegal breeding by establishing legal ownership and traceability of cats. Additionally, it promotes responsible pet ownership by encouraging owners to update their contact information regularly, ensuring accurate identification and contact in case of emergencies."

How does a cat flap recognize a microchip?

Microchip cat flaps are built with a sensor that uses radio frequency identification, and most devices can save up to 30 different microchip numbers. When a cat approaches the door, it reads their chip to see if it matches the ones saved.

Amanda says: “Microchip cat flaps use a cat’s unique microchip ID to control access, ensuring that only authorized pets can enter or exit the home. This feature prevents unwanted intruders, enhances safety, and provides peace of mind for pet parents.

“In some cases, the human parents do not even realize that the neighboring farm cat is entering the home in search of food or worse still, an intact female with whom to mate. Once a cat has had a negative experience like this in their safe space, it can take months to reverse the stress caused, so prevention is always the best option.”

“Furthermore, microchip cat flaps can be programmed to restrict access during certain hours, preventing cats from roaming at night or during specific times of the day. This capability allows cat parents to maintain control over their cat’s outdoor activities while still providing the freedom and enrichment they need for optimal mental health."

How much do microchips cost?

Every vet will have their own price, depending on the practice and location, but most are reasonable to encourage pet parents to get their cats microchipped.

Expert vet Dr. Rebecca MacMillan says: "In the UK, you can expect to pay between somewhere £10–30. Some will say it’s a small price worth paying to increase the chances of being reunited with a missing pet! Not to mention that it is now a legal requirement in some countries."

In the US, it costs around $50–70.

Do vets recommend microchip cat flaps?

Do vets recommend microchip cat flaps? We asked one to find out!

Dr. MacMillan: "Vets often recommend microchip cat flaps to owners, particularly if they are struggling with strays or neighboring cats entering their homes.

“This can create stress a lot of stress for the cat that lives there, contributing to behavioral issues, stress-induced cystitis, and overgrooming. It also stops intruding cats from being able to eat your pet’s food or from leaving any of their parasites behind.

"If you want to allow your cat access outside but want to stop other cats coming in, then a microchip cat flap is a good answer. Just make sure that you check it regularly to ensure it is functioning OK."

Read next: How to train a cat to use a cat door, how far do cats roam, and the best cat door alternatives

Edited by Georgia Guerin and Alexis de Leaver.

Protect your pooch from irritating insects with the best flea treatments for dogs. These nasty little bugs can cause all sorts of problems for your furry friend, so knowing how to prevent and treat flea infections is a vital part of owning a dog.

While they might seem like an annoyance for your pets, fleas can actually have serious health implications for your dog. The main symptom of a flea infestation will be itchy, sore skin, but fleas can carry other parasites like tapeworms, cause anemia, or, in rare cases, even carry the plague.

None of that sounds great, so it’s important to stay on top of your dog’s health. The best cure is always prevention, so we’d recommend regular flea prevention treatments — either as a topical treatment or one of the best flea collars. You should also be checking your dog’s fur often for signs of infestation. You’ll naturally have plenty of chances to look for critters while cleaning your pooch with the best dog shampoo and best dog conditioners.

We consulted with expert vet Dr. Hannah Godfrey on this guide to the best flea treatment for dogs, reviewing a range of collars, tablets, chews, and spot-ons to make sure you can find the right treatment for your dog. And if you have cats in your home too, be sure to check out our best flea treatment for cats guide.

The Quick List

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The best flea treatments for dogs 2026

Best overall flea treatment for dogs

Topical flea treatments are typically applied once a month to a dog’s back or neck, and can provide weeks of protection against flea infestations. Usually effective against both fleas and ticks, their efficacy and how well they are tolerated by dogs depends on the active ingredients.

Frontline Plus is our pick for best flea treatment for dogs because it is easy to use, safe for dogs of almost all sizes, effective at killing both fleas and ticks at all stages of life, and waterproof (after 24 hours).

While some flea treatments are either effective or easy to use, Frontline Plus has been a veterinarian-recommended flea and tick treatment for years for its combination of effectiveness, ease of use and being well-tolerated by dogs.

Frontline Plus is a monthly, topical liquid that’s one-and-done for up to 30 days of protection against both flea and tick infestations. Frontline Plus contains two separate active ingredients that, combined, kill fleas and ticks and their eggs and larvae for up to 30 days with one application. If your dog doesn’t like to be fussed with, the once-a-month dosage is a boon.

Frontline Plus begins killing fleas after four hours, and within 12 hours kills 100% of fleas on contact, so a flea doesn’t have to bite your dog to be affected. However, the chemicals are hazardous to humans, so it’s important to avoid touching freshly-applied Frontline. Application on dogs with long-hair coats is more difficult than on smooth coat pups, as it’s important to get the solution close to the dog’s skin.

Advantix kills more insects than Frontline, proving lethal to mosquitos and lice in addition to fleas and ticks, but it’s more expensive – up to 30% more than Frontline Plus. Whether that extra coverage is worth it to you will depend largely on your environment and the likelihood that your dog will encounter mosquitos or lice often enough to warrant the prevention.

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Best waterproof flea treatment for dogs

We put the NextStar Flea & Tick Topical treatment to the test to see how it performed and how easy it was to use. Our tester Michael used this treatment on his two dogs Petey and Tito and was impressed with how easy this product was to use. Designed to be effective for 30 days before reapplication is needed, NextStar’s Flea & Tick Topical is made in various sizes depending on the size of your dog. Michael tested the 5-22lbs variety as his dogs weigh 10lbs each.

Michael said, ‘[The packing] is easy to open, instructions are explicitly clear – reasonably, no one should be able to mess up how to apply the product’. The product simply needs to be applied down the ridge back of the dog. During testing, Michael found the application simple and his dog Tito was ‘non-plussed’ while he applied it.

This product is waterproof and you can bathe your dogs not too long after applying. In terms of the product’s application, Michael said, ‘The product has no distinct odor, but it does seem kind of greasy, even after a few days.’

Overall, this flea treatment did everything we needed it to. It was easy to apply, effective and our tester’s dogs found the process comfortable.

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Best budget flea treatment for dogs

Topical treatments can be really expensive and when you consider that you have to reapply them every 30 days, the cost can soon add up. Thankfully, Hartz have created an incredibly affordable three-pack that you can pick up for under $6 - now that's what we call a bargain!

Effective against fleas and ticks, this topical treatment gets to work fast, killing any parasites on your dog's coat in just 15 minutes and preventing future outbreaks. It's waterproof 48 hours after application and can be used on puppies and dogs over the age of 12 weeks and weighing more than 5 lbs.

While some pet parents report that this formula from Hartz isn't as effective as a brand like Frontline, others say they've had overwhelming success with this topical. Given how affordable it is, we feel it's well worth a shot if you're looking for an affordable way to keep fleas at bay.

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Best flea collar for dogs

Flea collars offer a more budget-friendly way to protect your pup against flea infestations. As their name implies, they’re worn around a dog’s neck, though they’re not intended to act as a replacement for a tag-displaying collar.

Our pick for best flea collar, the Seresto Flea and Tick Collar by Bayer, offers eight months of protection with one application. And at a cost close to that of six months of topical treatments, Seresto can save you money. Applying it is as easy as putting the collar on your dog and leaving it there.

Seresto differs from most flea collars in its design. Made from a unique polymer matrix, it releases low levels of its active ingredients over long periods of time, maintaining its effectiveness for up to eight months. It starts killing fleas within 24 hours and controls them at all stages of its lifecycle.

Seresto is odorless, non-greasy, and kills fleas on contact, so they don’t have to bite your dog for it to work. Seresto is water-resistant, so it can be worn during baths or for swimming, although frequent exposure to water can reduce its length of effectiveness. Dog owners worried that a collar might catch or choke their pup will be pleased to know that Seresto features a two-way release safety feature. It also features visibility reflectors to help keep your dog safe at night.

If your dog has a thick, fluffy coat, a flea collar needs to be adjusted to get close enough to your dog’s skin so it can be most effective. One other caveat is while other treatments provide a monthly reminder to maintain your pup’s medication, it’s easy to lose track of how long your pup has been sporting its current collar. With a little extra vigilance (or at least a note on your calendar), a flea collar is an excellent, budget-friendly way to keep your dog flea-free.

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Best shampoo flea treatment for dogs

If you’re looking for a shampoo that will kill fleas, ticks, lice, and their eggs on contact but still be gentle on your furkid’s skin and coat, then this formula from Adams is a great choice.

Designed for sensitive skin but suitable for all skin types, it has a rich and creamy texture for the perfect lather and it comes packed full of aloe vera, lanolin, and oatmeal to soothe the skin.

Containing an insect growth regulator that kills and prevents flea development for up to 28 days and it’s infused with coconut oil for a clean and fresh scent. We love that this shampoo is safe for use on both dogs and cats (great if you have a multi-pet household!) and is suitable for ages 12 weeks and up.

As well as killing parasites, this deeply conditioning shampoo is also ideal for removing dandruff, dirt, and scales, and depending on the size of your pet, you’ll only need to use 1-2 tbsps per wash, so the bottle should last you a good while.

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Best chewable flea treatment for dogs

It always feels like you’re getting away with something when you trick your dog into thinking their medicine is a treat, but we can live with the guilt. Chewable flea treatments for dogs provide a mess-free option that your dog will genuinely enjoy and can last as long as (or longer than) other treatments. The downside is they can be expensive and can have more frequent side effects than other types of flea medications.

Our pick for the best chewable flea treatment is NexGard. NexGard is effective at killing adult fleas before they can lay eggs and it comes in a beef flavor that most dogs seem to like, making it one of the easiest flea treatments to apply.

The trade-off for that ease of use is a laundry list of possible side-effects. Because your dog is digesting the treatment, side-effects include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, and loss of appetite.

The only real way to know how your dog will react to NexGard is to give it to them and observe their behavior over the next 24-48 hours. Any negative reaction is usually temporary, but talk to your vet about it should you see any symptoms. NexGard is veterinarian-recommended and FDA-approved.

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Best flea spray

If you're looking for a gentle and natural way to rid both your hound and home of fleas, this formula from Vet's Best is well worth a try. It's important to remember that once your dog has fleas, so too does your house, so a flea spray is a great way to treat your bedding, carpets and clothes, as well as your pooch.

This effective formula contains certified natural essential oils and plant-based ingredients that provide a safe and fast acting formula for flea and tick removal and prevention. It will also kill flea larvae and eggs, as well as mosquitos and the mist sprayer is gentle enough to be applied to dogs and puppies over the age of 12 weeks.

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Best oral flea treatment for dogs

If you’re after a flea treatment for dogs that is fast-acting and will provide instant relief to your pooch, these Capstar Flea Tablets for Dogs are ideal. Formulated with the active ingredient of Nitenpyram, this makes them highly effective in getting rid of fleas in dogs. These fast-acting tablets start to work in just 30 minutes, and have a 90% success rate in killing adult fleas in four hours.

The tablets are small and easy-to-swallow which makes them suitable to give to puppies four weeks and older. And while they may be tiny tablets, a single dose is strong enough to get rid of any parasite infestation in minutes. This should relieve the unpleasant scratching and discomfort your canine companion is experiencing. But they are also safe to give daily should your pooch get infested again.

The Capstar Flea Tablets for Dogs are slightly more expensive than other treatments on the market, and you only get six in a pack. However, these tiny tablets are fast-acting and provide long-lasting protection, making it a worthwhile purchase.

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Best alternative flea treatment to Capstar

If your canine companion is currently crawling with fleas and you're looking for a fast, effective and affordable way to kick those hitchhikers to the curb, then these tablets from CapAction are just the ticket.

While rival Capstar has long dominated the market when it comes to oral flea medication, CapAction is beginning to bridge the gap, offering a product that is substantially more accessible and affordable for those on a budget while containing exactly the same ingredients.

Getting to work within 30 minutes, this pack of six tablets treats flea infestations fast and is suitable to use on puppies and dogs over four weeks of age and weighing between 2-25 lbs. Vet-recommended, CapAction is safe, easy to use and will have your hound feeling happy again in no time.

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Best flea treatment for large dogs

If your canine companion is on the larger size, then the Frontline Plus Flea & Tick Spot Treatment for Large Dogs is ideal. Specially formulated for dogs weighing 45 to 88 pounds, this fast-acting treatment will kill adult fleas, flea eggs, flea larvae, chewing lice and ticks.

The long-lasting effects are due to its two active ingredients, fipronil and (S)-methoprene, that effectively disrupts the life cycle of fleas and prevents future infestations.

It’s simple to use with one application directly onto your canine companion. Part your dog’s hair between the shoulder blades, place the tip of the applicator above the skin and squeeze the contents of the applicator in a single spot. It’s advisable not to apply on top of the haircoat, and to avoid contact until dry. Another bonus is it’s waterproof, so you don’t have to worry about reapplying if your pooch gets wet.

Although the treatment lasts for 30 days, you can always reapply afterwards for that extra protection against pesky fleas and parasites. You can buy from three doses up to eight doses for an 8-month supply.

One downside mentioned by a few customers is the treatment can leave a greasy residue on fur. But this will easily come off in a day or two. It’s also worth noting that it is rather expensive compared to other treatments. However, the Frontline Plus Flea & Tick Spot Treatment for Large Dogs is an effective, fast-acting, flea treatment that’s easy to use and will quickly solve your pup’s discomfort. Which makes it a worthwhile investment.

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Best flea treatment for small dogs

If you have a pint-sized pooch weighing between 4-10 pounds, then this topical treatment from Advantix is well worth considering. Easy to apply and offering 30 days of protection, this formula starts working within 12 hours of application, killing fleas, ticks, and mosquitoes on contact.

We love that this treatment is waterproof after 24 hours, so it's a great choice if your little one likes getting wet. There are a variety of pack sizes on offer, with options for one, two, four, or six doses, so you can order based on your needs, or just trail the product with one or two doses before commiting.

All-in-all, this is a really great topical treatment for small dogs from a reputable and well reviewed brand. Oh, and did we mention it's vet-recommended? Great for giving you peace of mind that you're using a safe and effective formula on your furkid.

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Best alternative to Frontline Plus

Looking for an alternative to leading brand Frontline Plus? Aimed at dogs aged 8 weeks or older, PetArmor Plus Flea & Tick Prevention is a waterproof treatment that is aimed at disrupting the flea lifecycle, taking effect within 24 hours to kill fleas, eggs, larvae, ticks, and chewing lice.

It's very easy to apply, with instructions included should you have any trouble. Each dose lasts for a month with a regular six-issue packet providing up to six months of protection.

While the product has a successful track record of breaking the flea cycle and is lauded by pet owners for its ease of use, the high price may be a drawback for some.

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How to choose the best flea treatment for your dog

When choosing the best flea treatment for your dog, there are some key factors that you need to consider. For starters, different treatment types will suit different dogs better, but they can also vary in effectiveness depending on what the active ingredient in each treatment is, and how high the dosage is. We've gone through the important points below to help you make an informed decision.

Treatment type

If you struggle to give your dog tablets, or you think they’re too fussy to be interested in a medicated chew or treat, it’s a good idea to look at the non-oral options. Certain topical spot-on products and medicated collars are very effective, as long as they are veterinary licensed.

Licensed or unlicensed products

Not all flea treatments are equally effective, even if they look similar and seem to contain the same ingredients. Your veterinary clinic will be stocked with licensed products that undergo stringent testing both for safety and effectiveness. Some of these will be prescription-only, meaning your veterinarian will need to have given your dog an examination recently to be able to prescribe them. Of course, some products available online or from the pet store are also effective, but others are not regulated in terms of the amount of the active ingredient contained within the treatment, meaning they may not work well. Your veterinarian will be able to suggest some trusted over-the-counter products.

Active ingredients

The active ingredient is important for several reasons. Firstly, if your dog has ever had any side effects after receiving treatment for fleas, it would be sensible to avoid using similar products that contain the same active ingredient in case another reaction occurs. Secondly, if you find that the flea treatment you are currently using isn't doing the trick and your dog still has fleas, you might want to choose a product with a different active ingredient that may be more effective. Finally, certain dog breeds are more likely to experience reactions to certain active ingredients, for instance, ivermectin is best avoided in collies. Therefore, knowing the active ingredients in the flea treatment you intend to buy is important.

Check the details

Not all dog flea treatments are suitable for all dogs. Ensure that the product you select is dog-specific and meant for your dog’s weight, age, and breed. If your dog is pregnant, lactating, or has any health conditions, check the information leaflet or ask your veterinarian before using any flea treatments.

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How to tell if your dog needs flea treatment?

It’s best to treat your dog for fleas as a preventative rather than wait until you see live fleas on them. This will ensure that they don’t develop sore or itchy skin or skin infections and stop them from bringing fleas into your home. Licensed veterinary flea products are safe and effective to use as a preventative and any side effects are rare and relatively mild.

If you spot signs that your dog has fleas, including hair loss, nibbling, scratching, flea dirt, or oozy or red skin lesions, it’s important to treat your dog as soon as possible and seek advice from a veterinarian in case they need additional medication to clear any infection or help the skin heal. You might also need to treat your home for fleas by hot washing any removable soft furnishings and using a pet-safe household flea spray.

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Can you use all flea treatments on puppies?

Not all flea treatments are safe for use in puppies. Very young puppies and those under 2lbs/1kg in weight should only be treated with a specifically licensed product, which is usually a fipronil-based flea spray solution. It’s important to read the instructions carefully when treating young puppies, as the application process can vary with weight. Once your puppy is over 2lbs/1kg, other treatment options, like spot-ons and chews, are available.

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How can you prevent your dog from getting fleas?

The best way to prevent your dog from getting fleas is to treat all cats, dogs, and rabbits in your household for fleas regularly. The exact frequency of treatment may vary depending on the product used, so you should always read the instructions on the label; however, most involve monthly treatment. If you’re using a flea control treatment regularly on your dog, but you’re still finding fleas, speak to your veterinarian for advice.

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Should I clean my house if my dog has fleas?

Prevention is the best strategy, but it’s not foolproof and if you do get a flea infestation, they can be a real nightmare to get rid of, even when you’re using flea treatments on your dog.

“The reason your dog’s fleas won’t go away even after treating them with a vet-approved product, is the fleas are living elsewhere in your home or on other pets.” explains Dr Hannah Godfrey. “Fleas can jump onto your dog, bite and feed from them, then jump off again, so when you apply a flea product to your dog, you’re only actually treating the population of fleas that he’s carrying at that moment, not the others elsewhere in the environment.”

If you want to be free of the infestation for good, then yes, you’ll need to treat your home too. Dr Godfrey recommends using a “ pet-safe, vet-approved flea spray on the rest of your home, paying attention to the instructions on the can.” You should also regularly vacuum carpets and hot wash any blankets, towels, or other fabrics that your dog lies on.

“I see lots of dog owners at their wit’s end because their dog still has fleas, but treating their dog, other pets, and the home at the same time almost always solves the problem” encourages Dr Godfrey. Just make sure you don’t let off the gas when the fleas seem to be gone. As our expert vet puts it, “you should keep up with flea treatment even after your dog’s fleas are gone, or it won’t take long for them to get fleas again”.

To learn more about the safest flea treatments for dogs, check out this vet's guide.

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Some vets claim that raw diets are closer to the feline ancestral diet and so better suit cats’ teeth, digestive tract, and dietary needs. Others say the best raw cat food offers many benefits — being high in protein and prebiotic ‘animal fiber,’ rich in nutrients and taste, and filling. 

But just like the best dry cat food and best wet cat food, knowing which — if any — raw cat food is best for your furry friend depends a lot on their health, age, and individual preferences.

“When choosing a diet,” explains Dr. Georgina Ushi, DVM, “pet parents should consider the risks and potential benefits of a raw food diet for their cats. There are concerns for bacterial contamination and nutritional imbalances in raw food diets.”

When asked about changing cat food, Dr. Joanna Woodnutt echoed these concerns: “Raw diets for cats are not generally recommended by most vets. This is because there’s no scientific evidence of benefits, and there’s lots of evidence of risk both to your cat and to people that come into contact with them.”

Ultimately, changing your cat to a raw diet is something to discuss with your vet and requires careful consideration. If you’re convinced it’s the right move for your pet, we recommend checking out the five best raw cat foods below. You’ll also find some helpful tips on handling raw foods to minimize risks to your own health, plus insights from Dr. Woodnutt about the potential drawbacks of raw food diets.

The quick list

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PetsRadar’s pick of the best raw cat food in 2026

Best overall raw cat food

Stella and Chewy makes excellent freeze-dried raw food in a wide variety of flavors. As with most raw cat food, this brand is keen to point out that there are no added ingredients like hormones, filler, or preservatives – the meat they serve is processed, but not overly so. It’s rich in protein, which is perfect for cats, and seems to be widely loved if the wealth of positive user reviews are to be believed. 

Stella and Chewy also prides itself on producing cat food from responsibly sourced meat and fish, and its ingredients are gluten-free, which can be an issue for cats with certain dietary problems. There are plenty of claims about the health benefits of Stella and Chewy’s food, and the credentials are good: the guaranteed list of ingredients and percentages meet AAFCO guidelines, and the preparation method is recognized by both the FDA and the USDA, so you’re less likely to get contaminants than any other brand.

If you’re looking for ethically sourced raw cat food that actually has the nutritional value to benefit you kitty, this is easily one of the best out there. The wide range of flavors means you should be able to find something your cat enjoys too. The only downside is the price – this is not cheap food, although it compares well to some of the premium, specialized diet food from other manufacturers.

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Best raw cat food treats

If you just want to use raw food as a treat, and a way to lightly supplement your cat’s diet, then treats are a great option. Purebites makes some excellent treats, and they come in a wide range of flavors. If your cat likes seafood, then there are plenty of fish options, including shrimp and minnow (not something you see every day). As with most other raw food, these treats are free from grains, and good for cats with allergies, as they contain few ingredients that would inflame these kinds of issues.

At around $4 per bag, these cat treats are pretty expensive, but it’s an affordable way to get raw meat and fish into your cat’s diet, and prevent them from eating too much and getting sick. While Purebites says that these treats are hypoallergenic, implying that they are suitable for cats on restricted diets, we think it’s best to check with your vet before feeding them to kitty, if they are on a severely restricted diet.

Purebites get excellent user reviews across the whole range of treats, which means they are loved by cats across the country. The most popular flavor does seem to be chicken, but this is often the case for cat food. At $4 per bag, it’s worth trying with your cat.

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Best multi-purpose raw cat food

The alternative to a pure, raw diet is toppers. These are freeze-dried raw ingredients that can be mixed in with (or placed on top of) regular food, to supplement your cat’s diet. So they’re getting the benefits of raw meat and fish with the added vitamins and minerals that dry food brings. At the top of the list of toppers is Instinct’s Raw Boost Mixers.

You can buy this in chicken and rabbit flavors, and there’s also a special formula for both digestive health, and skin and coat maintenance. The meat used here is minimally processed, and is boosted with vegetables that are produced to non-GMO standards. While it doesn’t quite have the same ethical standards as Stella and Chewy, Instinct is still at the top-end of responsible cat food.

If you want to go full raw diet, Instinct does do a bag of pure, raw, freeze-dried chicken pieces. It comes highly recommended by users, but we think Instinct’s range is far better for the toppers, which are a better way to introduce raw food into your cat’s diet, and retain the benefits of other food types. And, let’s not forget, toppers can be used as treats too!

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Best premium raw cat food

If you’re looking for a raw cat food that covers a variety of bases, then Orijen’s grain free mix is a great choice. Orijen uses what it calls the ‘whole prey’ approach, which means it mixes in a variety of raw meats, and guarantees that the first five ingredients into every batch of its cat food are animals or fish, before adding fruits and vegetables for other nutritional benefits. Orijen claims that the recipe is 90% meat, 10% other.

This means that the flavor stays consistent, which is important for many cats, but it does limit choice – your kitty will either eat this, or it won’t. Of course it isn’t filled out with grain, or that would defeat the point of it being natural, raw cat food. What it does have, as an added bonus, is a coating of freeze-dried liver to retain the kibble shape, and appeal to your cat’s sense of taste. 

This is one of the highest rated cat foods across a number of pet food retailers, and has an impressive score of 4.6 stars on Chewy – making it seem pretty close to one of the best raw cat foods. It does seem that the range of meat and fish ingredients (which, amusingly, one reader review described as disgusting) appeal to a wide range of cats, as many people recommend it for picky eaters.

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Best raw cat food for picky eaters

For anyone who wants to get as close to possible with their raw cat food, then Vital Essentials does an excellent range of treats which are – essentially – exactly what they say. The minnow treats are actual freeze-dried minnows. The chicken hearts are actual freeze-dried hearts. While the rabbit bites aren’t recognizable… you get the general idea. If ever you were uncertain about the ingredients in your cat’s raw food, these treats from Vital should set your mind at ease.

As these are pretty much all protein and natural ingredients, they’re suitable for gluten-free and grain-free diets. While they won’t give your cat all the nutrients it needs, they are a great accompaniment to some of the best dried cat food out there, which will happily give your kitty all it needs to stay healthy.

At over $5 per bag, these treats are very premium, but you’re getting raw cat food in its purest form. We’d recommend them for already healthy cats, looking for a better class of treat, but can’t say they’re the ideal basis for a balanced diet.

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How to introduce the best raw cat food into your cat's diet

If you decide to switch your cat over to raw food, you absolutely shouldn’t just make a straight swap, even if it is the best raw cat food. Cats’ digestive systems are surprisingly delicate, and any change in their food should be introduced over the course of a couple of weeks, as you phase out the old cat food and introduce the new. 

We suggest starting with a very small amount of raw food – perhaps 10-15% of the cat’s daily food intake – before slowly building up the quantity. If your cat is sick, or refuses to eat the raw food after a couple of days, it’s a good idea to stop, or speak to your vet about whether or not a raw diet is a good idea for your kitty.

We’ve seen numerous user reviews online claiming that their cats were sick after trying raw food. This could be because the regular food was substituted immediately, instead of being slowly removed and replaced with the raw. 

Equally, some cats simply don’t like raw, or their stomachs’ won’t tolerate it, despite the natural ingredients present. As with anything cat related, it usually comes down to the specific cat, and what one mog loves…another simply won’t enjoy at all, even if it's the best raw cat food you can find.

Safety tips for feeding your cat a raw food diet

When it comes to feeding your feline friend raw food, Dr. Woodnutt says there are some steps you can take to minimize the risks, both to their health and to yours.

"If pet parents decide they really want to feed a raw diet to their pets they should ensure the following:

Do cats prefer raw or cooked?

A few factors influence cats’ dietary preferences. Different cats will prefer different types of food; some enjoy raw food, while others love cooked. Research published in Nutritional Neuroscience suggests a cat’s mother’s preferences and what they ate as kittens play a big role, but so do unique nutritional needs and other biological and environmental factors. 

One thing is certain, though: palatability is very important when choosing cat food, whether raw, dry, or wet. That’s because, as highlighted in a study in the Journal of Applied Animal Research, cats will refuse to eat nutritious food if it doesn’t taste good. Instead, they’ll go for a less wholesome option if they enjoy the flavor. 

You may need to try several food options before you find the right mix of nutrients, convenience, and taste for your cat.

Is a raw diet good for cats?

"Raw diets for cats are not generally recommended by most vets," says Dr. Woodnutt. "This is because there’s no scientific evidence of benefits, and there’s lots of evidence of risk both to your cat, and to people that come into contact with them."

According to Dr. Woodnutt, there are two main reasons that most vets tend to steer clear of raw food diets:

1. "Raw cat food can carry bacteria like Salmonella and E.coli that can cause illness in your cat. However, they can also shed these bacteria – while appearing well – in their feces, and spread it to their fur in their saliva. This means that anybody in contact with these cats could also become ill, especially if they have a weakened immune system (such as children or elderly people)."

2. "Raw diets may not be complete. One study compared two litters of kittens – one being fed raw rabbit and the other a normal cooked cat diet – and it had to end early due to the litter being fed the rabbit developing fatal heart problems. Raw diets are often created by small, ‘boutique’ pet food companies that may not have the experience or regulatory oversight to create a healthy balanced diet."

While people tend to rave about raw food diets for their cats, Dr. Woodnutt advises caution.

"Weighing against this huge evidence of risk is the fact that there have been no demonstrated benefits to feeding a raw food over a cooked one. People claim lots of benefits to raw diets that simply aren’t proven in the literature. Many of these benefits are likely just down to the high-protein diet, or the change in protein type."

Here is your round-up of the nine best dry dog food options. (Spoiler alert: Purina One was our top pick!). If you’ve decided that dry dog food is best for your dog, then the next choice to tackle is which product is the best fit.

You will need to consider size – particularly if you have a large breed dog or a toy breed – plus whether you dog has a a sensitive stomach or skin allergies? And are you purchasing for a puppy or a particularly picky eater? All of these will help determine which is the best dog food option for you.

Dry dog food is less messy and can be easier to store. It's also easier to portion out and can help prevent overfeeding. When choosing a dry food option, the protein should be from a high-quality source, and it should contain enough healthy fats and carbohydrates to support brain health and energy levels.

We also spoke to vet, Dr Rebecca MacMillan, about choosing the best dry dog food for your pet.

The quick list

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The best dry dog foods we recommend

The best overall dry dog food

If you're looking for a reputable brand that offers high-quality nutrition with everything your pup needs to thrive, then Purina ONE is hard to beat. Featuring real lamb as the first ingredient, this meaty kibble supports strong muscles and a healthy heart while also being great for the immune system.

Made with high-quality ingredients, including natural prebiotic fiber, Purina ONE Lamb & Rice Formula is easy to digest and nurtures your dog’s digestive microbiome to ensure their gut functions optimally.

High in protein, it also comes packed with omega-6 fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals to support the skin and coat while also adding a sparkle to the eyes. You'll also find it increases energy levels and has natural sources of glucosamine to help maintain healthy joints.

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Best dry dog food for small dogs

It's important to consider the size of your kibbles if you're the owner of a toy dog breed or a small dog. You don't want the kibbles to be too big as they can pose a possible choking hazard for your pooch.

This line of Hill's formulas has been carefully crafted with small and mini dogs in mind. Not only is it the perfect size, but it is also packed with vitamins and minerals to support your dog's health. One of the best ingredients in this formula is DHA, from fish oil to support healthy brain and eye development.

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Best budget dry dog food

If you're looking for a reputable brand that offers high-quality nutrition with everything your pup needs to thrive, then Purina ONE is hard to beat. Featuring real lamb as the first ingredient, this meaty kibble supports strong muscles and a healthy heart while also being great for the immune system.

Made with high-quality ingredients, including natural prebiotic fiber, Purina ONE Lamb & Rice Formula is easy to digest and nurtures your dog’s digestive microbiome to ensure their gut functions optimally.

High in protein, it also comes packed with Omega 6 fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals to support the skin and coat while also adding a sparkle to the eyes. You'll also find it increases energy levels and has natural sources of glucosamine to help maintain healthy joints.

Best dry dog food for senstive stomachs

A hit with both pet parents and their furkids, Blue Buffalo True Solutions Digestive Care dog food is one of the best natural kibbles available today. With real chicken as the first ingredient and using only the highest-quality proteins and ingredients, this nutritious and delicious dry dog food ticks all the boxes.

Packed full of wholesome whole grains like brown rice and oatmeal and overflowing with an array of healthy garden vegetables, this fiber-rich formula supports a healthy digestive system while still being gentle on the gastrointestinal tract, making it superb for dogs with sensitive stomachs.

Featuring Blue’s exclusive antioxidant-rich Lifesource Bits that have been designed by holistic vets and animal nutritionists to deliver all the vitamins and minerals your furkid needs to thrive, it’s suitable for all life stages and promotes a strong immune system and a healthy oxidative balance.

With calcium and phosphorus for strong bones, glucosamine for joint health, and an optimal balance of omega-3 and 6 fatty acids for a shiny coat and soft skin, it also contains cranberries to help prevent urinary tract infections.

Free from poultry by-products, corn, wheat, soy, and artificial flavors and preservatives, this high-quality natural kibble excludes all the potential allergens found in other brands. Containing everything your doggy needs and none of what they don’t, this food has been designed to ensure your canine companion thrives.

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Best dry dog food for skin allergies

Skin allergies in dogs can be tricky to navigate. Symptoms of skin allergies can be frequent itching, skin or ear infections, hair loss, and redness of the skin. We always recommend working with your vet to develop the best plan to tackle allergies. However, a lot the the time, vets will recommend a change in diet.

That's where the Purina Pro Plan for Sensitive Skin and Stomach comes in. This formula has been specifically designed for pooches with sensitive skin or skin allergies. It's also great for dogs with sensitive stomachs. The salmon and oatmeal are designed to be easily digestible and gentle on their digestive systems.

This formula also contains 26% of protein, which is higher than some other options on this list. The secret star of this product is the live probiotics that are added. This is to support the immune and digestive system.

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Best dry dog food for large dog breeds

Large dog breeds need plenty of solid nutrients to support their larger frames. This is why one of our tips for caring for large-breed dogs is investing in quality dog food that is designed for them.

Blue Buffalo has created a unique formula designed to support bigger dogs. Along with all-natural chicken as its first ingredient, this list also includes L-carnitine, glucosamine, and chondroitin. All these will promote good joint health in dogs and support lean muscles.

Their Blue Life Protection Formula boasts real meat, wholesome grains for energy levels, and even omega three and six fatty acids to promote skin and coat health.

This dry dog food is perfect for dogs from one to seven years old and has been expertly crafted by vets and animal nutritionists.

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Best dry food for senior dogs

Like humans, as dogs age, their health and stamina slowly decline, and their bodies lose the ability to repair themselves and maintain normal body functions. That's why choosing quality dog food to support their changing bodies is on our list of tips for taking care of senior dogs.

As a result, when looking for options to suit your aging pooch, formulas high in protein and fiber with an adequate fat balance and suitable carbohydrate levels could be the best option.

Nature's Recipe ticks these boxes, offering a minimum crude protein content of 24% coming from whole chicken, as well as high-quality lamb and chicken meals to maintain your dog’s lean muscle mass and satiety.

The formula’s real strength lies in its rich superfood profile to promote glossy coats and increased energy, including Vitamin B-rich oatmeal, flaxseed, chia seeds, and lamb fat as sources of healthy omegas and dried fruit and vegetables like kale, spinach, pumpkin, and blueberries.

Alongside glucosamine and chondroitin for optimal joint health, chelated minerals (ones that are chemically attached to proteins) to aid digestion are included, an ingredient typically added in higher-quality dog foods.

With a 24% protein content and a fat level of 12%, the formula represents an above-average protein and below-average fat content when compared to its competitors.

But overall, the formula is one of the top options for aging dogs, particularly with regard to the strength of the macro and micro-nutrients offered from its high superfood content.

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Best dry dog food for puppies

For the youngest furry member of your family, it’s hard to go past Nulo with their solid reputation for providing quality wet and dry food dishes that are always hugely popular with dogs.

Created to fit a puppy’s specific needs, this kibble features real, farm-raised chicken as the first ingredient to promote strong muscles, plus essential minerals to help build strong bones.

This formula contains 22 key nutrients like those found in mother’s milk, including omega-3 DHA to promote healthy cognition, and comes enriched with antioxidants to help develop a robust immune system.

Offering complete and balanced nutrition, this kibble contains no artificial preservatives, flavors, or fillers. There is also a range of dry dog food for large puppies!

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Best dry dog food for picky eaters

Along with the popular chicken and rice flavor, this range also comes in three other flavors that you can choose from – including beef and a fish option. So, no matter your pup's preference, there is a flavor they are sure to love.

As with the other Blue Life options on this list, you can count on all-natural and wholesome ingredients to nourish your pooch. All ingredients are designed to support your dog's immune health, joint support, and mobility. Not to mention skin coat and health.

This is also a great choice if your dog has allergies. This formula is free from soy, corn, and wheat. All of which are common food allergies in dogs. We also love the fact that there are no animal by-products in this line. No matter which food flavor you choose. If you want to read even more about this product, you can check out our Blue Buffalo Life Protection Formula review for more details.

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How to choose the best dry dog food

Choosing the right dry dog food for your pet requires considering several factors before making a decision. The first thing to consider is whether your dog has special needs. Age, disease, activity level, and allergies all play a part in picking an appropriate kibble.

You'll also want an option that fits your budget and that your dog actually wants to eat. This means taking a look at the ingredients and opting for a choice that is high in protein, carbohydrates, and balanced nutrients.

Dr. Rebecca MacMillan says, "Ingredients are listed in order of weight, so you want to see a type of meat protein at the top. This protein should be named rather than just being referred to as generic ‘meat’."

You also don't need to be put off by the term by-product.

"The term by-products refers to meat products that humans wouldn’t tend to eat, for example, organ meat. By-products like heart, kidneys, and liver all have excellent nutritional value for our pets," says MacMillan.

Which dried dog food is best?

There is no one-size-fits-all dry dog food because each dog has its own needs. When choosing dog food, you want an FDA-approved food that includes a balance of ingredients to ensure it has everything your furry friend needs to thrive.

When choosing dog food, it may take time to find the kibble that fits your budget and your pooch's needs. Remember, the most important thing is finding an option your dog will eat, so they have all the vitamins and minerals they need for a long life of wagging tails and belly rubs!

Read next: How to increase your dog's appetite

Edited by: Georgia Guerin and Megan Milstead.