Flea allergy dermatitis in dogs (FAD) is the most common dermatological condition our pups face and it can make their lives miserable if left untreated.

Caused by an allergy to flea saliva, one bite from a pesky parasite is all it takes to trigger uncomfortable symptoms such as itching and scratching. Thankfully, if caught early, it's an easy condition to treat and it can be prevented by regularly applying one of the best flea treatment for dogs.

Because it's one of the most common allergies in dogs, it's an issue that most vets deal with on a regular basis and so your fur friend's vet is the best person to speak with if you think your pup might be suffering from FAD.

However, to get you started with everything you need to know, we consulted Dr. Hannah Godfrey. Below, she explains in more detail what flea allergy dermatitis is, the signs to be on the lookout for, and the best way to treat it.

What is flea allergy dermatitis in dogs?

Flea allergy dermatitis is one of the leading causes of allergic reactions in dogs and like all allergies, it's caused by the immune system overreacting to a particular substance that's typically harmless — in this case, that substance is flea saliva.

"Flea allergy dermatitis is a health condition affecting some dogs who are allergic to flea saliva," Dr. Godfrey confirms. "When a flea bites, it causes an excessive reaction including lots of scratching, self-trauma, and hair loss, as well as raw sores on the skin which can become infected."

Believe it or not, a dog with FAD does not have to be infested with fleas to suffer — a single bite from a flea is enough to cause days of discomfort.

Signs of a flea allergy in dogs

Is your dog itching, scratching and biting all the time? They could have a flea allergy.

"Dogs with a flea allergy may scratch excessively, even when relatively few or no fleas are visible," explains Dr. Godfrey. "They often have patches of thin or broken fur where they have been scratching, and sometimes the skin is sore, oozing, or infected.

The common areas of skin that are affected are the skin along a dog’s back, from the shoulders to the base of the tail. However, other areas can be affected."

Remember, your dog doesn't have to be infested with fleas to have this reaction. One flea bite could cause them to chew, bite, itch, or scratch — which are all common signs of dog allergies.

If you see your pup engaging in any of these behaviors, especially if they're coupled with hair loss, it's important to get them checked over by a vet.

How is flea allergy dermatitis diagnosed?

If your dog is itching, scratching, losing fur, or just generally looking uncomfortable, it's important to get a proper diagnosis. That's because when it comes to how to help a dog with allergies, you first need to be sure you know exactly what allergy you're dealing with as many have overlapping symptoms.

"Flea allergy dermatitis may be diagnosed in dogs who are intensely itchy with a skin rash and visible fleas or flea dirt. There doesn’t have to be a large number of fleas for the diagnosis to be FAD – just one flea bite can trigger the allergic reaction," explains Dr. Godfrey.

"If the vet is unsure of the cause of the symptoms, they may take samples of the hair and skin cells to check for parasites and other causes under the microscope. They may also do blood tests and skin biopsies to confirm the allergy."

How do you treat flea allergy dermatitis in dogs?

The number one priority when it comes to dealing with FAD is to kill any fleas currently on your pup and prevent them from returning.

If they have an infestation you can pair an oral flea tablet with a topical flea treatment for fast-acting relief and then move to ongoing flea prevention, either by way of a topical or one of the best flea collars for dogs.

"Flea allergy dermatitis can often be managed with strict regular use of flea control products," confirms Dr. Godfrey. "This means treating all of the pets in the household as well as treating the home to remove any fleas from the environment.

To get the symptoms under control, the vet might need to prescribe anti-inflammatory medication, antibiotics, or anti-allergy medication." We recommend discussing your pup's situation with your vet who will be able to advise you on the best course of action.

How long does it take for flea allergy dermatitis to go away?

Coping with allergic pets isn't easy, so if your pup is currently struggling with FAD, you may be wondering how long it will take before they start to feel better.

"Flea allergic dermatitis usually responds quickly to anti-inflammatory treatment, with symptoms improving within 24 hours," says Dr. Godfrey. "However, the condition won’t resolve completely and will soon deteriorate again if effective flea treatment isn’t also given."

Strict flea control is essential for managing this condition, so even if you don't see any pesky parasites on your pup it's important to continue rigorous flea treatment all year round.

How to prevent flea allergies in dogs

"Unfortunately, you can’t stop your dog from developing an allergy, no matter what you do," explains Dr. Godfrey. "However, with regular effective flea preventatives, you can make sure that any symptoms are always under control." Here are the safest flea treatments for dogs.

You might also want to read about skin conditions in dogs and what to do if your flea treatment is not working.

Protect your pooch from irritating insects with the best flea treatments for dogs. These nasty little bugs can cause all sorts of problems for your furry friend, so knowing how to prevent and treat flea infections is a vital part of owning a dog.

While they might seem like an annoyance for your pets, fleas can actually have serious health implications for your dog. The main symptom of a flea infestation will be itchy, sore skin, but fleas can carry other parasites like tapeworms, cause anemia, or, in rare cases, even carry the plague.

None of that sounds great, so it’s important to stay on top of your dog’s health. The best cure is always prevention, so we’d recommend regular flea prevention treatments — either as a topical treatment or one of the best flea collars. You should also be checking your dog’s fur often for signs of infestation. You’ll naturally have plenty of chances to look for critters while cleaning your pooch with the best dog shampoo and best dog conditioners.

We consulted with expert vet Dr. Hannah Godfrey on this guide to the best flea treatment for dogs, reviewing a range of collars, tablets, chews, and spot-ons to make sure you can find the right treatment for your dog. And if you have cats in your home too, be sure to check out our best flea treatment for cats guide.

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The best flea treatments for dogs 2026

Best overall flea treatment for dogs

Topical flea treatments are typically applied once a month to a dog’s back or neck, and can provide weeks of protection against flea infestations. Usually effective against both fleas and ticks, their efficacy and how well they are tolerated by dogs depends on the active ingredients.

Frontline Plus is our pick for best flea treatment for dogs because it is easy to use, safe for dogs of almost all sizes, effective at killing both fleas and ticks at all stages of life, and waterproof (after 24 hours).

While some flea treatments are either effective or easy to use, Frontline Plus has been a veterinarian-recommended flea and tick treatment for years for its combination of effectiveness, ease of use and being well-tolerated by dogs.

Frontline Plus is a monthly, topical liquid that’s one-and-done for up to 30 days of protection against both flea and tick infestations. Frontline Plus contains two separate active ingredients that, combined, kill fleas and ticks and their eggs and larvae for up to 30 days with one application. If your dog doesn’t like to be fussed with, the once-a-month dosage is a boon.

Frontline Plus begins killing fleas after four hours, and within 12 hours kills 100% of fleas on contact, so a flea doesn’t have to bite your dog to be affected. However, the chemicals are hazardous to humans, so it’s important to avoid touching freshly-applied Frontline. Application on dogs with long-hair coats is more difficult than on smooth coat pups, as it’s important to get the solution close to the dog’s skin.

Advantix kills more insects than Frontline, proving lethal to mosquitos and lice in addition to fleas and ticks, but it’s more expensive – up to 30% more than Frontline Plus. Whether that extra coverage is worth it to you will depend largely on your environment and the likelihood that your dog will encounter mosquitos or lice often enough to warrant the prevention.

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Best waterproof flea treatment for dogs

We put the NextStar Flea & Tick Topical treatment to the test to see how it performed and how easy it was to use. Our tester Michael used this treatment on his two dogs Petey and Tito and was impressed with how easy this product was to use. Designed to be effective for 30 days before reapplication is needed, NextStar’s Flea & Tick Topical is made in various sizes depending on the size of your dog. Michael tested the 5-22lbs variety as his dogs weigh 10lbs each.

Michael said, ‘[The packing] is easy to open, instructions are explicitly clear – reasonably, no one should be able to mess up how to apply the product’. The product simply needs to be applied down the ridge back of the dog. During testing, Michael found the application simple and his dog Tito was ‘non-plussed’ while he applied it.

This product is waterproof and you can bathe your dogs not too long after applying. In terms of the product’s application, Michael said, ‘The product has no distinct odor, but it does seem kind of greasy, even after a few days.’

Overall, this flea treatment did everything we needed it to. It was easy to apply, effective and our tester’s dogs found the process comfortable.

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Best budget flea treatment for dogs

Topical treatments can be really expensive and when you consider that you have to reapply them every 30 days, the cost can soon add up. Thankfully, Hartz have created an incredibly affordable three-pack that you can pick up for under $6 - now that's what we call a bargain!

Effective against fleas and ticks, this topical treatment gets to work fast, killing any parasites on your dog's coat in just 15 minutes and preventing future outbreaks. It's waterproof 48 hours after application and can be used on puppies and dogs over the age of 12 weeks and weighing more than 5 lbs.

While some pet parents report that this formula from Hartz isn't as effective as a brand like Frontline, others say they've had overwhelming success with this topical. Given how affordable it is, we feel it's well worth a shot if you're looking for an affordable way to keep fleas at bay.

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Best flea collar for dogs

Flea collars offer a more budget-friendly way to protect your pup against flea infestations. As their name implies, they’re worn around a dog’s neck, though they’re not intended to act as a replacement for a tag-displaying collar.

Our pick for best flea collar, the Seresto Flea and Tick Collar by Bayer, offers eight months of protection with one application. And at a cost close to that of six months of topical treatments, Seresto can save you money. Applying it is as easy as putting the collar on your dog and leaving it there.

Seresto differs from most flea collars in its design. Made from a unique polymer matrix, it releases low levels of its active ingredients over long periods of time, maintaining its effectiveness for up to eight months. It starts killing fleas within 24 hours and controls them at all stages of its lifecycle.

Seresto is odorless, non-greasy, and kills fleas on contact, so they don’t have to bite your dog for it to work. Seresto is water-resistant, so it can be worn during baths or for swimming, although frequent exposure to water can reduce its length of effectiveness. Dog owners worried that a collar might catch or choke their pup will be pleased to know that Seresto features a two-way release safety feature. It also features visibility reflectors to help keep your dog safe at night.

If your dog has a thick, fluffy coat, a flea collar needs to be adjusted to get close enough to your dog’s skin so it can be most effective. One other caveat is while other treatments provide a monthly reminder to maintain your pup’s medication, it’s easy to lose track of how long your pup has been sporting its current collar. With a little extra vigilance (or at least a note on your calendar), a flea collar is an excellent, budget-friendly way to keep your dog flea-free.

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Best shampoo flea treatment for dogs

If you’re looking for a shampoo that will kill fleas, ticks, lice, and their eggs on contact but still be gentle on your furkid’s skin and coat, then this formula from Adams is a great choice.

Designed for sensitive skin but suitable for all skin types, it has a rich and creamy texture for the perfect lather and it comes packed full of aloe vera, lanolin, and oatmeal to soothe the skin.

Containing an insect growth regulator that kills and prevents flea development for up to 28 days and it’s infused with coconut oil for a clean and fresh scent. We love that this shampoo is safe for use on both dogs and cats (great if you have a multi-pet household!) and is suitable for ages 12 weeks and up.

As well as killing parasites, this deeply conditioning shampoo is also ideal for removing dandruff, dirt, and scales, and depending on the size of your pet, you’ll only need to use 1-2 tbsps per wash, so the bottle should last you a good while.

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Best chewable flea treatment for dogs

It always feels like you’re getting away with something when you trick your dog into thinking their medicine is a treat, but we can live with the guilt. Chewable flea treatments for dogs provide a mess-free option that your dog will genuinely enjoy and can last as long as (or longer than) other treatments. The downside is they can be expensive and can have more frequent side effects than other types of flea medications.

Our pick for the best chewable flea treatment is NexGard. NexGard is effective at killing adult fleas before they can lay eggs and it comes in a beef flavor that most dogs seem to like, making it one of the easiest flea treatments to apply.

The trade-off for that ease of use is a laundry list of possible side-effects. Because your dog is digesting the treatment, side-effects include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, and loss of appetite.

The only real way to know how your dog will react to NexGard is to give it to them and observe their behavior over the next 24-48 hours. Any negative reaction is usually temporary, but talk to your vet about it should you see any symptoms. NexGard is veterinarian-recommended and FDA-approved.

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Best flea spray

If you're looking for a gentle and natural way to rid both your hound and home of fleas, this formula from Vet's Best is well worth a try. It's important to remember that once your dog has fleas, so too does your house, so a flea spray is a great way to treat your bedding, carpets and clothes, as well as your pooch.

This effective formula contains certified natural essential oils and plant-based ingredients that provide a safe and fast acting formula for flea and tick removal and prevention. It will also kill flea larvae and eggs, as well as mosquitos and the mist sprayer is gentle enough to be applied to dogs and puppies over the age of 12 weeks.

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Best oral flea treatment for dogs

If you’re after a flea treatment for dogs that is fast-acting and will provide instant relief to your pooch, these Capstar Flea Tablets for Dogs are ideal. Formulated with the active ingredient of Nitenpyram, this makes them highly effective in getting rid of fleas in dogs. These fast-acting tablets start to work in just 30 minutes, and have a 90% success rate in killing adult fleas in four hours.

The tablets are small and easy-to-swallow which makes them suitable to give to puppies four weeks and older. And while they may be tiny tablets, a single dose is strong enough to get rid of any parasite infestation in minutes. This should relieve the unpleasant scratching and discomfort your canine companion is experiencing. But they are also safe to give daily should your pooch get infested again.

The Capstar Flea Tablets for Dogs are slightly more expensive than other treatments on the market, and you only get six in a pack. However, these tiny tablets are fast-acting and provide long-lasting protection, making it a worthwhile purchase.

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Best alternative flea treatment to Capstar

If your canine companion is currently crawling with fleas and you're looking for a fast, effective and affordable way to kick those hitchhikers to the curb, then these tablets from CapAction are just the ticket.

While rival Capstar has long dominated the market when it comes to oral flea medication, CapAction is beginning to bridge the gap, offering a product that is substantially more accessible and affordable for those on a budget while containing exactly the same ingredients.

Getting to work within 30 minutes, this pack of six tablets treats flea infestations fast and is suitable to use on puppies and dogs over four weeks of age and weighing between 2-25 lbs. Vet-recommended, CapAction is safe, easy to use and will have your hound feeling happy again in no time.

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Best flea treatment for large dogs

If your canine companion is on the larger size, then the Frontline Plus Flea & Tick Spot Treatment for Large Dogs is ideal. Specially formulated for dogs weighing 45 to 88 pounds, this fast-acting treatment will kill adult fleas, flea eggs, flea larvae, chewing lice and ticks.

The long-lasting effects are due to its two active ingredients, fipronil and (S)-methoprene, that effectively disrupts the life cycle of fleas and prevents future infestations.

It’s simple to use with one application directly onto your canine companion. Part your dog’s hair between the shoulder blades, place the tip of the applicator above the skin and squeeze the contents of the applicator in a single spot. It’s advisable not to apply on top of the haircoat, and to avoid contact until dry. Another bonus is it’s waterproof, so you don’t have to worry about reapplying if your pooch gets wet.

Although the treatment lasts for 30 days, you can always reapply afterwards for that extra protection against pesky fleas and parasites. You can buy from three doses up to eight doses for an 8-month supply.

One downside mentioned by a few customers is the treatment can leave a greasy residue on fur. But this will easily come off in a day or two. It’s also worth noting that it is rather expensive compared to other treatments. However, the Frontline Plus Flea & Tick Spot Treatment for Large Dogs is an effective, fast-acting, flea treatment that’s easy to use and will quickly solve your pup’s discomfort. Which makes it a worthwhile investment.

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Best flea treatment for small dogs

If you have a pint-sized pooch weighing between 4-10 pounds, then this topical treatment from Advantix is well worth considering. Easy to apply and offering 30 days of protection, this formula starts working within 12 hours of application, killing fleas, ticks, and mosquitoes on contact.

We love that this treatment is waterproof after 24 hours, so it's a great choice if your little one likes getting wet. There are a variety of pack sizes on offer, with options for one, two, four, or six doses, so you can order based on your needs, or just trail the product with one or two doses before commiting.

All-in-all, this is a really great topical treatment for small dogs from a reputable and well reviewed brand. Oh, and did we mention it's vet-recommended? Great for giving you peace of mind that you're using a safe and effective formula on your furkid.

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Best alternative to Frontline Plus

Looking for an alternative to leading brand Frontline Plus? Aimed at dogs aged 8 weeks or older, PetArmor Plus Flea & Tick Prevention is a waterproof treatment that is aimed at disrupting the flea lifecycle, taking effect within 24 hours to kill fleas, eggs, larvae, ticks, and chewing lice.

It's very easy to apply, with instructions included should you have any trouble. Each dose lasts for a month with a regular six-issue packet providing up to six months of protection.

While the product has a successful track record of breaking the flea cycle and is lauded by pet owners for its ease of use, the high price may be a drawback for some.

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How to choose the best flea treatment for your dog

When choosing the best flea treatment for your dog, there are some key factors that you need to consider. For starters, different treatment types will suit different dogs better, but they can also vary in effectiveness depending on what the active ingredient in each treatment is, and how high the dosage is. We've gone through the important points below to help you make an informed decision.

Treatment type

If you struggle to give your dog tablets, or you think they’re too fussy to be interested in a medicated chew or treat, it’s a good idea to look at the non-oral options. Certain topical spot-on products and medicated collars are very effective, as long as they are veterinary licensed.

Licensed or unlicensed products

Not all flea treatments are equally effective, even if they look similar and seem to contain the same ingredients. Your veterinary clinic will be stocked with licensed products that undergo stringent testing both for safety and effectiveness. Some of these will be prescription-only, meaning your veterinarian will need to have given your dog an examination recently to be able to prescribe them. Of course, some products available online or from the pet store are also effective, but others are not regulated in terms of the amount of the active ingredient contained within the treatment, meaning they may not work well. Your veterinarian will be able to suggest some trusted over-the-counter products.

Active ingredients

The active ingredient is important for several reasons. Firstly, if your dog has ever had any side effects after receiving treatment for fleas, it would be sensible to avoid using similar products that contain the same active ingredient in case another reaction occurs. Secondly, if you find that the flea treatment you are currently using isn't doing the trick and your dog still has fleas, you might want to choose a product with a different active ingredient that may be more effective. Finally, certain dog breeds are more likely to experience reactions to certain active ingredients, for instance, ivermectin is best avoided in collies. Therefore, knowing the active ingredients in the flea treatment you intend to buy is important.

Check the details

Not all dog flea treatments are suitable for all dogs. Ensure that the product you select is dog-specific and meant for your dog’s weight, age, and breed. If your dog is pregnant, lactating, or has any health conditions, check the information leaflet or ask your veterinarian before using any flea treatments.

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How to tell if your dog needs flea treatment?

It’s best to treat your dog for fleas as a preventative rather than wait until you see live fleas on them. This will ensure that they don’t develop sore or itchy skin or skin infections and stop them from bringing fleas into your home. Licensed veterinary flea products are safe and effective to use as a preventative and any side effects are rare and relatively mild.

If you spot signs that your dog has fleas, including hair loss, nibbling, scratching, flea dirt, or oozy or red skin lesions, it’s important to treat your dog as soon as possible and seek advice from a veterinarian in case they need additional medication to clear any infection or help the skin heal. You might also need to treat your home for fleas by hot washing any removable soft furnishings and using a pet-safe household flea spray.

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Can you use all flea treatments on puppies?

Not all flea treatments are safe for use in puppies. Very young puppies and those under 2lbs/1kg in weight should only be treated with a specifically licensed product, which is usually a fipronil-based flea spray solution. It’s important to read the instructions carefully when treating young puppies, as the application process can vary with weight. Once your puppy is over 2lbs/1kg, other treatment options, like spot-ons and chews, are available.

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How can you prevent your dog from getting fleas?

The best way to prevent your dog from getting fleas is to treat all cats, dogs, and rabbits in your household for fleas regularly. The exact frequency of treatment may vary depending on the product used, so you should always read the instructions on the label; however, most involve monthly treatment. If you’re using a flea control treatment regularly on your dog, but you’re still finding fleas, speak to your veterinarian for advice.

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Should I clean my house if my dog has fleas?

Prevention is the best strategy, but it’s not foolproof and if you do get a flea infestation, they can be a real nightmare to get rid of, even when you’re using flea treatments on your dog.

“The reason your dog’s fleas won’t go away even after treating them with a vet-approved product, is the fleas are living elsewhere in your home or on other pets.” explains Dr Hannah Godfrey. “Fleas can jump onto your dog, bite and feed from them, then jump off again, so when you apply a flea product to your dog, you’re only actually treating the population of fleas that he’s carrying at that moment, not the others elsewhere in the environment.”

If you want to be free of the infestation for good, then yes, you’ll need to treat your home too. Dr Godfrey recommends using a “ pet-safe, vet-approved flea spray on the rest of your home, paying attention to the instructions on the can.” You should also regularly vacuum carpets and hot wash any blankets, towels, or other fabrics that your dog lies on.

“I see lots of dog owners at their wit’s end because their dog still has fleas, but treating their dog, other pets, and the home at the same time almost always solves the problem” encourages Dr Godfrey. Just make sure you don’t let off the gas when the fleas seem to be gone. As our expert vet puts it, “you should keep up with flea treatment even after your dog’s fleas are gone, or it won’t take long for them to get fleas again”.

To learn more about the safest flea treatments for dogs, check out this vet's guide.

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Nobody wants their furry family member to be unwell or have a health condition, but the idea of an infestation of creepy crawly parasites is downright repulsive! Ear mites in dogs are irritating, painful, and very contagious, so it’s worth understanding the condition.

In this article, we’ll explain what ear mites are, how your dog might get them, and what symptoms they cause. We’ll also let you know how they are treated, and what to do if you think your dog might have some unwanted guests in their ears.

If you'd like to know more about ear mites, other types of mites, and the skin diseases they can cause, be sure to also read our comprehensive vet's guide to mites on dogs.

• Why is my dog shaking his head? Vet's guide to causes and what to do

What are ear mites in dogs? 

Ear mites in dogs are tiny parasites that live in the ear canal and feed on cerumen (ear wax). Their scientific name is Otodectes Canis. They lay eggs and continue to multiply, making your dog very itchy and sometimes leading to infection. 

How do dogs get ear mites? 

So, where do ear mites come from? What are the causes of ear mites in dogs? Well, the truth is that most dogs have low numbers of ear mites, and their immune system fights them to keep the numbers low. This is why young puppies are most commonly affected, and it’s far less common to have an older dog with ear mites. 

However, dogs can easily catch ear mites from other dogs because they are so contagious, so if one puppy from a litter has them, they usually all have them. 

Since ear mites are so contagious, you might be wondering whether humans can catch ear mites from dogs. Thankfully, dog ear mites are species-specific, meaning that they can only infect dogs!

Symptoms of ear mites in dogs 

You probably want to know how to identify ear mites in dogs, so that you can keep a lookout for signs. If your dog has ear mites, you might notice a thick, dark brown waxy discharge in their ears, or that their ears look particularly dirty. You won’t see the mites themselves, though, because they’re so small. 

Dogs with ears mites scratch their ears a lot and shake their heads, and they might even yelp while they’re scratching. 

So, are ear mites painful for dogs? Well, the mites themselves aren’t painful, but the constant scratching and shaking can cause pain and inflammation. If the ears become infected, this will also be painful.

How are ear mites diagnosed? 

If you think your dog or puppy might have ear mites, you should take them to the veterinarian. Because ear mites are super tiny, your vet will need to use a microscope to see them. They will likely look in your dog’s ears with an instrument called an otoscope, then take a swab from each ear to look at in the laboratory. 

Treating ear mites in dogs 

Sadly, there are no home remedies for ear mites in dogs, they require treatment with an anti-parasite medication or medicated ear drops. However, treating ear mites might not be a quick fix. If you’re wondering how long it takes to get rid of ear mites in dogs, the answer might be up to a month. 

This is because some treatments need to be repeated after a week or so, to allow any existing eggs time to hatch. Therefore, recovery from ear mites might take a little longer than you’d expect. 

You’ll also need to clean your dog’s ears regularly as part of the treatment. You can find out how to do this using our guide on how to clean your dog's ears. 

Can I use Vaseline for ear mites in dogs? 

There are a few reasons why it’s best not to use Vaseline for ear mites in your dog. Firstly, it’s not a good idea to put anything into your dog’s ear without checking with a vet first. The inner tissues of the ear are very sensitive, and even seemingly safe substances can cause damage. 

Secondly, Vaseline is unlikely to be effective at treating ear mites. Yes, some mites may get stuck in the Vaseline and die. But you’re unlikely to get the Vaseline deep enough to reach every mite, and nor should you try to.

What medication kills ear mites in dogs? 

Two different types of treatment are effective against ear mites. Both types require a prescription from your veterinarian. 

The first type is parasite treatment, which may be a tablet or spot-on. The other type is medicated ear drops, which will clear any infection as well as kill the ear mites.

Summary 

Ear mites can make your canine companion’s ears feel itchy and sore, they can even cause infection or an aural haematoma. So, if you notice that your dog’s ears are mucky, or they’re shaking their head and scratching their ears, it’s time to visit the veterinarian.

Learning how to prevent fleas is a critical step in keeping your pets healthy. All it takes is one flea to start an infestation – a single female flea can live for 100 days and can lay 40-50 eggs per day! To keep fleas out of your home, it is essential to keep all your pets up to date on flea prevention year round.  

Whether it's the best flea treatment for dogs or the best flea treatments for cats, it's vital to take some form of action to stop these pesky parasites in their tracks. In addition to flea prevention, there are other steps you can take to manage your pet’s environment and keep your home flea-free. Check out our six tips for flea prevention to learn more about keeping your home safe from fleas and how you can keep your pets protected.

• Flea Medicine vs Collars
• How to Remove a Tick From Your Pet

1. Check your pets for fleas regularly

It only takes one flea to start an infestation! Unfortunately, by the time many pet owners start noticing fleas, their living space has already become home to thousands of them. Checking your pets regularly will help you spot a problem early, so you can get it under control right away. Use a fine-toothed flea comb to look for signs of fleas in your pet’s coat. In addition to live adult fleas, keep a close eye out for flea feces, also known as “flea dirt”, which looks like small black flakes or clumps.  Finding any fleas or flea dirt is a sure sign of an infestation in your home.

• Best flea treatments for cats
• Best flea collar for cats
• Best flea treatment for dogs: Effective remedies to prevent your pooch itching

2. Make sure every pet in the home is protected from fleas

Don’t forget that indoor pets can be exposed to fleas, too! Fleas and flea eggs can make their way into your home on other pets or even on your clothing. In apartment buildings, fleas have been known to accumulate in common areas or even travel from apartment to apartment. Once inside your living space, they reproduce rapidly as long as a viable host is available. 

Keeping all your pets current on flea and tick prevention year-round will help discourage fleas from establishing themselves inside your home. Your veterinarian can help you choose the best products for each pet in your household. With a variety of collars, topical treatments, and oral medications on the market, you’ll be sure to find the right products to meet everyone’s needs.

3. Treat problem areas like gardens, crevices, and crawl spaces

Flea larvae cocoons are extremely hardy and can survive in the environment for up to a year. Adult fleas will emerge from the cocoons when environmental conditions are just right. Their emergence is often triggered by warmth, movement, and carbon dioxide – all the things your pet provides as he or she passes through their hiding place! Once the adults emerge, they can rapidly reproduce and create a new infestation. 

If you live in an area where fleas are particularly prevalent, treating the places that may be harboring flea eggs and larvae can help prevent fleas from affecting your pets. Consider spraying your yard, under decks and sheds, inside crawl spaces, and any other cracks and crevices around your home. Just be sure to read the label on any flea control product to ensure it is safe for use around pets.

4. Clean carpets and bedding regularly and thoroughly

Adult fleas lay eggs on your pet, which then drop off into the environment. The fleas then complete their life cycle in the environment, safely ensconced in your carpets and upholstery. These hidden flea eggs and larva can be a constant source of infection for your pet. Frequent cleaning of high-traffic areas – especially those where your pet likes to hang out – can help reduce the environmental flea burden and prevent new adult fleas from re-infesting your pets. Vacuum carpets and upholstery frequently and wash your pet’s bedding in hot water. For added protection from fleas, sprinkle borax or flea powder onto the carpets before vacuuming and add some to your vacuum bag to prevent fleas from crawling back out.

5. Keep your guests flea-free to protect your pets

Your pets may be protected, but the pets of friends and family members who visit your home may not be. These furry friends may be bringing unwanted guests when they come to visit! Ask your guests if they’re using flea prevention before they bring their pets over to play. Make sure your pets are protected from fleas too before allowing them to interact with the newcomers or passing through areas where they’ve been. After the visit, be sure to thoroughly clean the areas where an unprotected pet was resting or playing.  

6. Bring in the professionals to prevent fleas

Once a flea infestation starts, it can be a nightmare to stop. Professional pest control services have the experience and equipment necessary to stop active infestations and prevent new fleas from establishing themselves in your home. They can also help you identify problem areas in your home and advise you on the safest ways to use flea control products around your pets. Many companies also offer follow-up services to check your property during peak flea season. Professional services can be expensive, but they are often easier and more cost-effective than trying to tackle the problem on your own. 

Year-round flea prevention: The best way to keep your pet flea-free

Ultimately, the best way to ensure your home stays flea-free is to keep all pets in the household up to date on prescription flea preventatives. Prescription flea preventatives from your veterinarian are safe and effective, and with so many different products on the market you’re sure to find something that fits your budget and lifestyle. In addition to keeping your pets protected, you can protect their environment by using the tips above to create a home that is uninviting to fleas, ensuring that your pets and your home are flea-free year round. 

If you’ve already come across flea bites on dogs, you know how itchy and irritating they can be. In fact, flea bites can also be painful and cause skin infections where dogs itch them and break the skin, meaning it’s even more important to get them soothed as quickly as possible. Let’s look at how to soothe sore skin in dogs, including sore skin caused by flea bites, mosquito bites, and other insect bites on dogs.

• How do dogs get fleas?
• How to clean a dog’s ear
• How do topical flea treatments work?

Why are flea bites on dogs so itchy?

Flea bites are inherently itchy – their saliva can be irritating just like mosquito bites are for us. In addition, the adult fleas themselves tickle and itch when they climb over your pet – just like when a fly or tiny spider gets in your hair. 

However, many dogs (and cats!) are also allergic to flea saliva, meaning a single flea bite causes severe irritation for your pet. This hypersensitivity is known as flea allergic dermatitis (FAD). If your dog is unlucky enough to be allergic to fleas, avoiding bites as much as possible is an essential part of their care, which means using regular flea prevention treatment.

• Best flea collar for dogs
• Best flea medication for dogs
• "Why is my flea treatment not working?" Our vet offers some answers

Has my dog been bitten by fleas, or by something else?

Many insect bites have the potential to be really irritating to dogs. Dogs can be bitten by mosquitoes, sandflies, ants, and flies among other things, and it’s not easy to tell whether a bite is due to a flea or something else. However, flea bites are definitely the most commonly seen source of irritation in our pets. 

As well as bites, there may be other signs that your dog has fleas. This includes specks of flea dirt in your pet's coat, which appear like dark brown/black bits. If you smudge these on a piece of damp cotton wool they should see a pinky red colour, indicating digested blood. You may see actual fleas in his coat if you part the fur and carefully look. These are small shiny wingless insects that can move quite quickly! Your dog may also have hair loss and excessive itchiness. 

What do flea bites on dogs look like?

Flea bites disrupt the skin and can leave a small red, angry bite mark – especially when a dog is allergic to fleas. However, some of the other insect bites can also look like this. It doesn’t actually matter what your dog has been bitten by, though – soothing them will be a similar process no matter what has irritated your dog’s skin.

Soothing your dog’s flea bites

So, how do you soothe flea bites on a dog? Firstly, you’ll need to treat the source of the bites. There’s no point soothing the bites if your dog is going to continue to get bitten! For fleas, that means using one of the best flea treatments for dogs as often as recommended by the manufacturer. Speaking to your vet can also be helpful when trying to decide which flea product to use for your pet. 

As well as treating your pet for fleas, you should treat the environment too, to kill off other stages of the flea life cycle. This will reduce the number of immature fleas hatching out of the carpets or floorboards hopping onto your pet.

For mosquitos and sandflies, a repellent collar may be helpful. You can also reduce habitats for flying insects by removing sources of standing water, and moving compost or dung heaps further from the house. Electronic fly killers can also be useful in reducing fly numbers in the house.

Secondly, a soothing shampoo can be helpful. Many of the best dog shampoos contain oatmeal and aloe vera, so look for these ingredients to help soothe and condition the skin, and avoid those with fragrances, or anti-flea ingredients, as these harsh chemicals can make the problem worse.  

Don’t forget that topical spot-on flea treatments can be easily washed off by excessive bathing – and most rely on the skin oils to work, so applying them immediately after a bath (or within 48 hours of a bath) is not recommended.

Sometimes you’ll need a prescription medicated shampoo, particularly if your dog’s skin is infected – talk to your vet about the best options if your dog has an itchy rash or sore skin from fleas.

If you’ve found yourself asking the question, ‘how often should I bathe my dog?’ we’d always advise a less is best approach. When it comes to shampooing your dog, you mustn’t shampoo too frequently – this can strip the natural conditioning oils from the skin, resulting in dry and itchy skin.

You should also read the instructions on the shampoo bottle – many soothing, conditioning options should be in contact with the skin for at least five minutes, and sometimes more. If the bottle doesn’t say a contact time or to rinse it off immediately, opt for five minutes, and adjust depending on your dog’s response. 

If you do need to treat your dog’s skin with soothing shampoo, you might want to consider an oral flea treatment for your dog rather than a topical spot-on, so as not to reduce its effectiveness.

• Six ways to prevent fleas
• Flea medicine vs collars: How to find out which is right for you

Dog flea bite treatment

If shampoo isn’t sufficient, there are lots of things your vet can give your dog to help with itchy skin after flea bites. Creams containing steroids can provide comfort for small areas of irritation, and sprays can work for slightly larger areas. If the problem is widespread your dog may need a steroid injection or an oral anti-itch medication. These will all need a prescription, so you’ll need to visit your vet.

Some flea infestations result in a secondary skin infection called a ‘pyoderma’. This is especially likely if your dog has been licking and itching his bites excessively. These skin infections are very, very itchy and they’ll need proper treatment to resolve. Medicated creams, oral antibiotics, and injectable antibiotics may all be necessary if your dog’s skin infection is severe. 

Take your pet to a vet if you aren’t sure, it’s always best to seek prompt treatment rather than leaving things to get worse.

Conclusion

As anybody who has suffered from mosquito bites knows, itchiness is no fun, and flea bites on dogs can be just the same! Soothing your dog’s skin is sometimes necessary after they’ve been bitten by fleas or when other insect bites are irritating your dog. Soothing shampoo can be bought over-the-counter and is a good option for mild irritation, but sometimes medications are needed, especially if your dog’s skin is very itchy, sore or infected.

A good flea medication for dogs is one of those essential weapons every pet parent needs in their arsenal and investing in one will ensure your beloved canine companion stays happy, healthy and free from pesky parasites. But when it comes to choosing a flea medication, how do you know which one is right for your fur baby?

Well, first things first - let's distinguish between the best flea treatments for dogs and flea medications so you can understand the difference, because, let's face it, all these terms can be more than a little confusing! Basically, a flea treatment is anything that can be used externally while flea medications also include oral forms of treatment.

The best flea collars for dogs are a great example of a flea treatment, as are shampoos, sprays and topicals. The first three work to prevent fleas, while topicals also work to treat existing outbreaks and speaking of existing infestations, that's exactly where an oral medication can also come in handy.

Both topical treatments and oral solutions fall under the category of flea medications because they're much harder hitting than other methods, like flea collars. They're ideal for use when your canine companion is riddled with pesky parasites and you're looking for a fast-acting formula to get rid of them. While topicals are applied to the skin, oral solutions are given in either tablet or liquid form. 

We recommend that when you're choosing a flea medication for your dog you consider whether you're looking just to treat a current outbreak or whether you're also wanting to prevent fleas from infesting your dog in the future. For a fast-acting one-off medication, you'll want to consider an oral tablet as these get to work within 30 minutes and can bring quick relief. Topicals take a little longer to work (around 24 hours) but these can be used long-term as a preventative as well as a treatment.

To help you choose the right flea medication for your dog, we've rounded up our favorite picks. If you're still in any way unsure about which option is right for your canine companion, speak to your vet who will be able to offer advice and guidance on the best course of action.

PetsRadar's pick of the best flea medication for dogs

Frontline Plus Spot On treatment is a popular option for dog owners. It’s easy to use, safe for dogs of almost all sizes, and works to kill both fleas and ticks at all stages of life. It’s also waterproof from 24 hours after application, so as long as you keep your dog away from water for a day, it should be effective.

This veterinarian-recommended flea and tick treatment prevents flea infestation for eight weeks and tick infestation for four weeks, and treats flea and tick infestations for four weeks.

It contains two separate active ingredients that, together, kill fleas and ticks and their eggs and larvae with one, potent application. 

The first active ingredient, fipronil, works to kill 98 to 100% of fleas within 24 hours, and ticks and biting lice within 48 hours. The second, (S)-methoprene, works to prevent the fleas multiplying by killing them in their immature stages, when they are eggs, larvae and pupae. 

Frontline Plus is quick to work. It begins killing fleas after four hours, and within 12 hours it kills 100% of fleas on contact, so a flea doesn’t have to bite your dog to become affected. However, the chemicals are hazardous to humans, so it’s important to be very careful when you apply it. 

The treatment comes in different doses for different size dogs, including two to 10 kg, 10kg to 20kg, 20 kg to 40kg, and over 40kg, so make sure you pick the right dosage for your dog. 

Effipro’s flea medication for dogs promises to kill the fleas hitching a free ride on your dog within 24 hours, and banish ticks within 48 hours. It will protect your dog against fleas for eight weeks, and against ticks for four weeks.

This is thanks to the active ingredient in Effipro’s treatment. The insecticide fipronil, which is fast, effective, and provides long-lasting protection. It’s safe to use, as it isn’t absorbed into your dog’s bloodstream.

Effipro has a clear, non-drip pipette, thanks to ‘drop lock’ technology, which allows you to apply the product with more control and less mess – a bonus for squirmy dogs who like to make flea treatment-time as difficult as possible. This also help prevent you getting any of the treatment on your fingers. The clearness of the pipette also allows you to make sure you’ve applied all of the solution. 

Effipro can be used on puppies from the age of two months old, or once they weigh more than one kg. They’re available in packs of four or 24 pipettes, and you can choose between specially formulated pipettes for small, medium, large or extra-large dogs. 

This treatment uses the same active ingredient as Frontline, which is one of the most popular flea medication for dogs on the market. It also has good reviews from happy customers; but it’s a more affordable option than Frontline for those on a budget.

Finding dog flea medicine for smaller dogs isn’t easy, but Advantage 40 Spot-On treatment is specially formulated for dogs that weigh under 4kg. 

This vet-recommended treatment gets to work within 24 hours of application, and works to protect your dog from fleas for four weeks, when you will need to apply it again. 

Advantage spot-on treatment also kills flea larvae lurking around your home. It features an easy-to-use pipette, from which the formula is easily applied between your dog’s shoulder blades. 

When applied to your dog, the formula spreads along the water-resistant layer of their skin, spreading across the whole body. Fleas are then exposed to the active ingredient in the formula, imidacloprid, on contact with your dog, without them having to bite your dog first. 

Imidacloprid is an insecticide that targets insects’ central nervous systems. It can cause symptoms in humans including vomiting, headache and abdominal pain, so be careful when applying it to your dog. It was actually originally made by scientists to mimic nicotine, which is naturally found in plants including tobacco. 

Advantage’s treatment is a popular product, with lots of good reviews online. Happy customers say it’s easy to use, and good value for money. If you’re looking for a flea treatment that will work well for a smaller dog, this could be the product for you. It’s especially well suited to small dog-owners who also have pet cats, as this formula won’t pose any risk to them. 

For a fast-acting flea treatment that quickly gets to work tackling current flea infestations, Capstar is hard to beat. Beginning to kill fleas within just 30 minutes, this tablet is a lifesaver when your canine companion is suffering the ill effects of unwanted hitchhikers.

Available in two formulas for dogs under and over 25lbs, Capstar can be given without a prescription and is 90% effective at killing all fleas on your furkid within four hours. For severe outbreaks, a daily dose can be given until your furbaby is flea-free.

The easy oral delivery means no mess and no rubbing off with the active ingredients spreading across your dog’s body from the inside out. Suitable for dogs and puppies over 2lbs and four weeks of age, Capstar can also be used alongside other flea treatments for a complete flea management system. 

Bob Martin Clear Flea Spot On Solution is a popular flea medication for dogs. 

The treatment kills fleas for up to 24 weeks and protection against fleas for up to eight weeks, and kills ticks for up to 12 weeks and protects from ticks for up to four weeks. It also kills biting lice, larvae and eggs.

Bob Martin’s formula contains active ingredients Fipronil and (s)-methoprene, which are the same active ingredients as Frontline’s flea treatment for dogs. Fipronil attacks the nervous system in fleas and ticks, which causes them to die, while (S)-methoprene is an insect growth regulator that inhibits the development of flea eggs, larvae and pupae, which prevents re-infestation on your dog and their immediate surroundings, such as their bed and their favorite sofa (which they secretly sit on when you’re at work).

The formula can be used on dogs over two months old, and is suitable for use in homes with both cats and dogs. This is important for households with cats, as not all flea medication for dogs is safe for cats to be around. 

Bob Martin is a well established company – which may bring some peace of mind to some. It was founded in 1892 by Robert Martin, so it has been working to perfect its formula for more than a hundred years.

The range includes separate formulas for small, medium and large dogs, so be sure to pick the one that’s best suited to your dog by weighing them first.

Most flea medication for dogs on the market are quite potent, with strong active ingredients that can sometimes cause irritation. But not all treatments for dog fleas on the market are chemical. 

This product, from the Healthy Dog Co, uses all-natural ingredients, including quassia bark extract in an organic cider vinegar base, with a blend of natural oils. It is safe to use, non-toxic and non-irritating, paraben and GMO-free, completely chemical- and cruelty-free. 

The treatment repels fleas, tick, lice and mites. It’s used like other flea treatments: apply one squirt to the skin at the back of your dog’s neck, but do this once a day for a week. After this first application, the Healthy Dog Co says you only need to use one application per week to prevent fleas from returning to the scene of the crime. The whole bottle should last for one year’s worth of weekly applications, the Healthy Dog Co says. 

The All Natural Flea is quite a popular option on Amazon, although its rating is just 3.7 out of five. Many reviews say it works well – some even pick up on it having a more pleasant smell than chemical flea treatments. The formula is vet-recommended; many natural flea medications for dogs cannot make this claim.

There aren’t many chemical-free flea medications for dog on the market – and of the bunch, this one seems to tick the most boxes. It may not be potent enough to keep your dog and your home completely flea, lice and tick-free, but if you’re not keen on using too many chemicals, it might be worth a try.

Flea medicine vs flea collars - which one is best? If you’re new to pet parenthood, then you probably have this question. Fleas cause itching, discomfort, and irritation — and in some cases, dangerous health issues that could pass on to humans.

The best flea treatments for dogs and best flea treatments for cats can be given topically or orally, but they both spread a drug around your pet’s body, either in their skin oils or bloodstream. When a flea tries to feed on them, the insect will be poisoned by the ingredients. Flea collars sometimes contain a repellent and release the medication slowly over time.

If you can’t decide between the two, vet Dr. Joanna Woodnutt is here to help. Below, she’s compared the pros and cons of flea medicine vs flea collars, and given her expert advice on which one is best. The answer is different for everyone and will depend on your pet’s lifestyle, health, and susceptibility to fleas.

How does flea medicine work?

Flea medicine is available in several forms. Spot-on liquids are a very common and popular form of flea medicine, but flea tablets are also becoming more common. They work in various ways and contain a variety of different active ingredients, depending on the product and the brand. Some are prescription-only, and others can be bought over the counter.

Flea medications work in different ways, but in all cases, the active ingredient is a drug that is more toxic to insects than it is to mammals. The drug spreads around the body in the skin oils or the bloodstream, then poisons any insects that feed on your pet.

Here's more information on how topical flea treatments work and the safest flea treatments for dogs.

What are the advantages of flea medicine?

Giving flea medicine to your pet is a reliable way to prevent flea infestation. They're usually easy to give – the spot-on medications simply get applied to the skin where your pet cannot lick them off, and many of the tablets are flavoured or chewy to encourage pets to eat them. The medications can last from one to three months, providing long-lasting and continual protection.

Many flea medications are also effective against other pet parasites, like ticks, mites, lice, and some intestinal worms. They are usually very fast-acting, with some formulations acting within just 30 minutes to treat all adult fleas living on the pet.

Wht are the disadvantages of flea medicine

Flea medicines are chemicals that are toxic to fleas. Unfortunately, this means they’re probably toxic to all insects. So, by treating your cat or dog for fleas, you might inadvertently be killing bees and other beneficial insects. While we're yet to find out if the newer tablet-style treatments cause problems, imidacloprid is a common ingredient in spot-on treatments that is known to have severe and long-lasting effects on insects. And when your dog rolls in the grass or goes for a swim, the medication may enter the environment, damaging our wildlife.

In addition, flea medicines can have side effects, varying from patches of hair loss and sore skin to vomiting and wobbliness. While these are usually rare and mild, there are particular breeds and individual dogs that shouldn’t have some medications.

This is why the best flea medications are only available from the vet or with a written prescription from a vet – they're best placed to make sure your flea medicine is as safe as possible for your canine companion or feline friend. However, this tends to make them more expensive than simple shop-bought supplies.

If your flea treatment is not working, there are a few potential reasons, which we've outlined in this guide.

Flea medicine: Verdict

Flea medicine remains an effective way to prevent these parasites from choosing your pet as their favorite fodder. However, the most effective products are only available from the vet. The vet will need to conduct – at a minimum – an annual evaluation to check that the product is the best one for your pet. The great news is that no matter your pet’s individual needs, there will be medication out there to help them.

How do flea collars work?

Flea collars are another method of flea prevention. Some collars contain a repellent designed to stop fleas from attaching to your pet and coming into the house. Others include a combination of repellent and pesticide, which rubs into the skin on your pet’s neck and then acts in the same way as a spot-on medication.

What are the advantages of flea collars?

Flea collars are long-lasting and easy to apply to most pets. They can also be one of the cheaper flea treatment options out there, depending on the brand and frequency that you need to use them.

Some flea collars are specifically recommended for certain insects because the repellent action prevents insects from biting and stops them from transmitting diseases to your pet.

If you think this is the best option for your pet, check out our guides on the best flea collars for dogs and the best flea collars for cats.

What are the disadvantages of flea collars?

Most vets will agree that the vast majority of flea collars in the supermarket aren’t effective, but there are a couple of brands that are.

Flea repellent collars are rarely strong enough to do a good job, and fleas can easily hitch a ride with your pet, then go dormant until the collar starts to run out.

This is particularly true if you have a large pet, as the repellent may not be enough to keep fleas away from their entire body. So, you might find a congregation of fleas on their back end!

It's also essential to think about collar safety. Collars can cause significant injury and occasionally death if they get caught on fencing or undergrowth. Therefore, cat collars should not be stretchy but should instead have a quick-release feature that causes the collar to snap if too much pressure is put on it. This means that if cats become stuck, the collar snaps to release them.

This safety feature is life-saving. However, it does mean that collars get left behind and frequently lost, so their protection is sometimes limited. It’s important to remember that collars need to be worn continuously to work.

Although they can get wet in the rain, prolonged wetness or frequent bathing should be avoided for most collars, making them a poor option for dogs that like to swim or need regular grooming.

Flea collars: Verdict

Flea collars are usually less effective than medications, but there are a few exceptions. And while some of the most effective flea collars remain prescription-only, Seresto has recently been recategorized as a POM-VPS product. This means you can buy it from other qualified people, for instance, in a pet shop or pharmacy. Take care to purchase from reputable companies, though; there have been many reports of ineffective fakes since Seresto was downgraded to POM-VPS.

Which flea treatment is right for my pet?

The flea treatment that best suits your furry family member will depend on their lifestyle, as well as their tolerance of the medication. If your dog swims a lot or needs regular baths, a tablet flea treatment is probably the most appropriate. On the other hand, if your cat or dog sees red when you try to give them a tablet, you might be more sensible to reach for a collar or spot-on medicine. After all, it’s not worth losing fingers!

If you've reached the end of this discussion and don't like the sound of flea medicines or flea collars then why not check out these simple home remedies for fleas on dogs. Or perhaps it's time you get to the bottom of 'how do cats get fleas?' to help you prevent this from occurring to your feline friend.

We’ve also answered: How often should you treat cats for fleas? And do dogs carry bed bugs?

Discovering mites on dogs is always going to be alarming. On the one hand, it means these tiny arachnids are living on your pet, causing discomfort, hair loss, inflammation and itching. On the other hand, it also means they’re in your home, with the potential of infecting you and the rest of your family. Feeling grossed out all of a sudden? We’ve got you. 

Since mites are microscopic (they’re smaller than the width of a human hair, near-impossible to see with the naked eye and look like small black dots), they can be easily missed until you begin to notice the symptoms. Left untreated, they can cause two separate skin diseases in dogs: demodicosis and scabies.

Since mites can be passed from dog to dog either directly or indirectly, you may find you have an even larger problem on your hands if you have more than one pooch at home. In any case, although you can use the best dog shampoo to keep coats clean and smelling fresh, you shouldn’t attempt to directly treat mites yourself. Home remedies are ineffective and they can also harm your dog. 

Instead, regardless of which species of mite is causing your dog’s skin problems, you will need an accurate diagnosis and veterinarian-prescribed treatment if you want to eliminate mites. To that end, it’s a good idea to check out a vet's guide to mange (the name for an itchy skin condition caused by mites) as well as the advice from our expert vet Dr Catherine Barnette below.

Types of mites on dogs

Two common mites affect dogs: Demodex canis (often referred to as “demodex”) and Sarcoptes scabiei (often referred to as “sarcoptes”). 

Demodex canis 

Demodex mites cause a skin condition referred to as demodicosis or demodectic mange. Demodicosis is most common in young puppies (whose immune systems are not fully developed) and in dogs that are immunosuppressed due to stress, immunosuppressive drugs, or an underlying illness. 

Most young puppies are infected with a few demodex mites by their mother when they are very young but, as a puppy grows and matures, their immune system keeps these mites in check and prevents an active, overwhelming infection. In some cases, however, the dog’s immune system fails to suppress the mites, allowing the mites to proliferate within the hair follicles. But demodicosis is not a contagious skin condition; your dog cannot become infected with demodex mites through contact with an infected dog. 

Sarcoptes mites 

Sarcoptes mites cause a condition known as scabies or sarcoptic mange. Scabies is a contagious skin disease. This infection spreads from an infected dog to an uninfected dog. In rare cases, even cats can be infected with scabies. Scabies typically spreads when two animals are in direct contact with each other, but the mites can also survive on bedding and other surfaces for several days and be passed in that way.

Can you see dog mites with the human eye?

Some animal mites can be seen with the naked eye, such as Cheyletiellia, also known as “walking dandruff.” This mite is most common in cats and rabbits, but it can occasionally infect dogs. 

Demodex and sarcoptes, the two most common mites in dogs, however, are very small, measuring between 0.5 and 2.0mm in length. That makes them virtually invisible to the naked eye. If your dog has demodicosis or scabies, you’ll tend to only see evidence of the damage caused by the mites.

Symptoms

Demodicosis and scabies affect the skin of infected dogs and, since there can be significant overlap between these two conditions, it’s important to work with a veterinarian to obtain an accurate diagnosis.

The most common sign of canine demodex is hair loss. Demodex mites live within the hair follicle, resulting in inflammation that causes the hair to fall out. This hair loss may affect a single part of the body (localized demodex) or may be widespread (generalized demodex). 

Some affected dogs also develop itching and redness of the skin. Itching and inflammation may indicate the presence of a secondary bacterial infection.

The most common sign of scabies is severe itching. The saliva and fecal matter of scabies mites trigger a severe itch response in most dogs; affected dogs may be so itchy that they seem unable to get comfortable. While scabies mites do not affect the hair follicles, affected dogs may scratch themselves so vigorously that they scratch their hair out. The skin is often red and inflamed, and dogs may be especially itchy around their ears.

Can I catch mites from my dog?

The zoonotic (animal to human) transmission potential of mites depends on which mite your dog is infected with. Demodicosis is not contagious to humans. We have our own species of demodex mite but we cannot become infected with canine demodex mites.

Scabies, in contrast, is a zoonotic parasite. You can become infected with scabies through contact with an infected dog. Fortunately, the scabies mites that live on dogs do not survive on humans for very long. (We have our own human-specific scabies mite that causes human scabies infections.) 

Dog scabies can trigger intense itching in people, but this is often short-lived and will resolve within a number of days. Canine scabies does not typically cause long-lasting infections in humans.

When to see a vet

If you suspect that your dog may have mites (or any other skin condition), schedule an appointment with your veterinarian. You will be asked a number of questions in order to gain an understanding of your dog’s history. Your vet will also perform a thorough physical examination, including a detailed evaluation of your dog’s skin. Based on your dog’s history and clinical appearance, the veterinarian will recommend appropriate diagnostic tests to determine the cause of your dog’s skin issues. 

Demodicosis is usually easy to diagnose using a test called a skin scrape. In this test, your vet obtains samples from the deep layers of the skin and examines them under the microscope. Seeing demodex mites on the skin scrape confirms a diagnosis of demodicosis.

A superficial (shallow) skin scrape may be beneficial in diagnosing scabies, but sarcoptes mites are not always easy to find. In some cases, repeated skin scrapes may fail to find mites in dogs infected with scabies. Therefore, scabies is often diagnosed based on clinical appearance and response to appropriate treatment.

How to get rid of mites on dogs

Your veterinarian will prescribe an appropriate treatment, depending on whether your dog is diagnosed with demodex or scabies. It includes oral medications, spot-on topical products, or medicated shampoos. If your dog has developed a secondary skin infection as a result of mites, your veterinarian may also prescribe an antibiotic to give with your dog’s skin mite treatment. 

If your dog is diagnosed with scabies, you can expect to see a response to treatment within a few weeks, and the mites will likely be cleared within six to eight weeks. Demodex often requires a more prolonged course of treatment. Dogs are typically rechecked once monthly during treatment (to assess response to therapy) and treatment may be continued for six months or more. 

Mites are not the only living nuisances affecting dogs. You can find out how to treat a dog with worms and learn how to get rid of fleas in your home and on your pet.

When using one of the best flea collars for dogs, you can rest easy knowing that your dog is protected against annoying parasites. Some flea collars are effective for up to eight months, which means you don’t have to worry about reapplying treatments every 30 days, as you would with topical options.

For dogs, there are a few different options for dealing with fleas. There are topical treatments, flea collars, and medications. Even if you use the best flea medication for dogs, it’s good to have a multi-pronged attack, plus your pup may not be excited about taking an oral medication, so a flea collar can be a second line of defense. The biggest advantage of flea collars is that you can simply put a collar on your dog without worrying about applying messy treatments or trying to convince your dog to take an oral supplement.

When choosing a flea collar, consider the size of your dog, whether you are looking for a chemical treatment or something all-natural, and finally whether it is vet-approved or not. We’ve rounded up our top picks for you here so that you can choose the best of the best when it comes to protecting your pup from parasites. We've also got insight from vet, Dr. Rebecca MacMillan on the best types of flea collars and things to look out for.

The quick list

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The best flea collars for dogs we recommend in 2026

Best overall flea collar for dogs

Dog owners will be delighted to know that the formula is non-greasy and odorless. This formula works discreetly in the background without you having to apply messy monthly treatments. The main active ingredients, imidacloprid, and flumethrin, are stored within the collar and released in low concentrations over your dog's hair and skin surface during the life of the collar, so your dog can have steady, reliable protection against fleas, ticks, lice, and more.

The collar itself is adjustable, and any excess can be cut off for a more comfortable fit. Finally, the collar comes with handy reflector clips that can be attached to the collar to help keep your dog visible at night.

While many users sing the praises of the Seresto Flea and Tick Collar for Dogs, lauding its value and effectiveness, a word of caution: because the formula uses chemicals, dogs may experience side effects such as nausea, loss of appetite, and vomiting. Dogs’ skin can also become irritated in response to the collar and experience itching.

Pet parents are urged to watch their dog’s reaction to the collar closely to check for any abnormal or concerning symptoms. That being said, these reactions generally aren’t life-threatening and don’t occur in the majority of use cases.

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Best natural flea collar for dogs

Help keep your canine companion safe from fleas and ticks with this natural and chemical-free collar. Infused with a carefully formulated blend of steam-distilled essential oils, this cedarwood and peppermint oil collar works to repel fleas and ticks for up to four months.

Gentle and waterproof, this collar will help prevent the unpleasant itching and side effects that come from flea infestations. Made with only plant-based ingredients, it’s free from harsh chemicals, including Phthalates and PVC.

The collar is adjustable up to 20 inches and is suitable for use during an active infestation or as a preventative measure. With a refreshing scent and safe formula, this is an effective collar that’s great for any pet parent looking for a natural approach to fleas and ticks.

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Best fast acting flea collar for dogs

A close contender for one of the best flea collars for dogs on the market is the Rolf Club 3D Flea Collar for Dogs. Where it shines is in how fast it acts for the price you pay: it starts killing fleas and ticks within the first 24 to 48 hours of wear. Plus, the collar comes in three sizes, so no matter the size of your dog, the collar you buy can comfortably fit your pet.

If lice and pests other than fleas and ticks are a concern, you’ll want to look elsewhere as this collar doesn’t treat and prevent as many species of insects as other collars on this list. All-in-all, it’s a worthy buy for the price, and certainly worth trying out, especially if you’re new to buying flea collars for dogs.

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Best hypoallergenic flea collar

Dogs can come into contact with ticks and fleas from an early age, and this collar will give them full protection from both from the age of three months. Once it's put on, the collar will guard against those pesky parasites 24/7 for a full eight months. Even better, it's fully waterproof, so a dip in the bath won't make it any less effective.

It is hypoallergenic so your puppy isn't exposed to any potentially irritating ingredients reducing the chances of an allergic reaction. The collar relies on natural essential oils such as spearmint, clove, and citronelle to ward off pests. Be warned though, essential oils can be strong smelling, and straight out of the packet some dogs may find the citrus smell too much. The odor does fade over time though, so it may be worth waiting a couple of days before putting it on your pooch.

The collar is 25 inches so it can be used to protect larger dogs too, and you can adjust it as your puppy grows to ensure a perfect fit. It's easy to adjust too – just wrap it around your pup's neck, slide the end into the buckle then cut off the excess (remember to leave room for them to grow if you are putting in on a young dog). As with all collars it should be adjusted to be loose on their neck so it doesn't cause any restriction.

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Best waterproof flea collar

Protect your dog from fleas and keep them safe with this reflective collar from Adams. With an outer shield that reflects direct light up to 450 feet and seven months of protection against fleas, ticks, eggs, and larvae, this affordable collar offers outstanding value for money.

The active ingredients spread quickly, working their way down your dog’s coat and spreading across the body for immediate relief. Even when wet or completely submerged the collar continues to be effective and it’s fully adjustable up to 26 inches, making it an ideal choice for both small and big dogs.

While most reviewers report this collar as being effective at getting rid of current infestations, a few pet parents note that it didn’t clear up their dog’s flea outbreak. If you find this to be the case, first ensure you’ve checked the instructions to see if the collar requires stretching to activate the ingredients. If the problem persists, we recommend initially pairing this collar with another form of treatment - such as a topical or shampoo until the infestation clears.

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Best affordable flea collar for dogs

It's great for pet owners on a tight budget looking for alternative flea and tick prevention measures without spending too much cash. While it’s long-lasting and allegedly both treats and prevents fleas and ticks, the price is somewhat reflective of the lower quality of the product compared to other best flea collars on the market.

The formula used in this flea collar only targets fleas ticks and larvae – while this is the standard, you can get increased protection against other species of insects if you opt for a different flea collar.

While this collar is a great option in a pinch, it’s difficult to recommend long-term use of this collar, as the formula’s main active ingredient is a harmful and potentially toxic chemical called tetrachlorvinphos. Overexposure to tetrachlorvinphos is known to cause side effects like nausea and confusion, which can ultimately lead to conditions like cancer, or even death. For this reason, this collar is best not used around other pets and children.

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Best flea collar for small dogs

For pooches on the smaller side, the Zodiac Flea and Tick Collar for small dogs is the ideal choice. Best of all, the active ingredients gets to work straight away, and works from head to tail to get rid of pesky fleas and ticks. Particularly those which may carry Lyme disease. In addition, the treatment lasts 7 months, which is a great alternative to the long-lasting, (and more expensive) topical treatments available.

Specifically designed for small dogs and puppies with necks up to 15 inches, you can easily cut off excess collar to suit. What’s more, it’s waterproof, so will still be effective in the rain or if your pooch loves playing in puddles!

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How to choose the best flea collar for dogs

If you’re in the market for one of the best flea collars for dogs, you may be wondering how to pick one that’s right for you and your pet. To make the best choice, there are a few factors to consider before purchasing. While all our top choices are truly the best on the market, you can narrow down your pick by looking at the following:

1. Chemical vs all-natural

If you are particularly concerned about chemicals around your pet or your children, opting for a 100% natural flea collar for dogs may be in your best interest.

2. Odor vs odorless

While many people think a fresh smell is rather pleasant, if you are averse to strong odors, opt for an odorless flea collar.

3. Price

If you’re new to flea collars for dogs and aren’t sure whether or not it’s the best treatment and prevention option for your pet, you may want to choose a less costly flea collar before investing in a high-cost one.

4. Vet approval

Having a vet's seal of approval can put your mind at ease, knowing your pup's collar is effective. Especially for first-time pet parents, who may be overwhelmed with all the different options out on the market.

Dr. MacMillan adds: " I would always advise purchasing one that is vet-approved. These may be more expensive than some others on the market, but if your vet recommends it, then you will have confidence in the product’s effectiveness."

These are just some of the factors that can help you make the best choice among the best flea collars for dogs. However, when in doubt, we encourage pet owners to talk to their vets for more personalized advice.

If you’d like to see how collars measure up against flea medication, take a look at Flea Medicine vs Collars for a full summary.

Do flea collars for dogs work?

We know that some flea collars work really, while others are not as effective. But rest assured, they are crucial in helping your pup stay safe from fleas and ticks.

Vet Rebecca MacMillan weighs on the best type of flea collars: "The best flea collars use chemicals proven to work against fleas and ticks such as imidacloprid and flumethrin. These will be slowly released by the collar, continuously, at low concentrations. The chemicals spread through your dog's coat through the lipid layer of their skin and hair. This gives nose-to-tail protection against unwanted parasites."

If you own cats and dogs, you may well have wondered to yourself “Can cat fleas live on dogs?”. You might also find yourself searching for the best flea treatments for cats or the best flea treatments for dogs. But to add even more complications, there is not just one kind of flea. Common fleas include the cat flea, dog flea, rabbit flea, and hedgehog flea. So, if you spot some crawly critters in your dog’s fur, you’d probably assume they were dog fleas, right? 

Well, as it happens, cat fleas can live on both cats and dogs and are far more common than dog fleas. So, if your dog has fleas, your cat might be the source!

• Dog fleas vs cat fleas: What's the difference?
• How to give a dog a flea bath
• How do cats get fleas?

Can cats get fleas from dogs?

Although there are specific cat and dog fleas, they’re not that fussy when it comes to who they parasitise! So, your dog could quite easily become infested with cat fleas or dog fleas and then pass them on to your cat. The most common flea is the cat flea, so it’s much more likely that your dog would pick up cat fleas than dog fleas, but because fleas are not host-specific, they could become infested with any type. 

The fact that fleas don’t stick to one species makes it all the more important that you treat your pets regularly with an anti-flea product. However, it’s also important to spray your home with a household flea killer if you think they might have brought fleas into the house. These are some of the best flea collars for dogs and the best flea collars for cats. but there are other treatments available. If you don’t think your cat or dog would tolerate wearing a flea collar, speak to your veterinarian about options like spot-ons, sprays, and tablets.

Can dog and cat fleas live on humans?

Thankfully, fleas don’t live on humans! This is because we don’t have enough hair! Since they don’t live on humans, you might assume you’re safe from flea bites. But do fleas bite humans? Well, sadly, even though fleas can’t infest humans, that doesn’t mean they don’t bite. Many fleas will take the opportunity to feed from humans if they’re nearby by jumping on us, feeding from our blood, then jumping back to their host or the environment.

My dog and cat have fleas; what do I do?

If your cat and dog have fleas, you might wonder what to do, especially if you’ve been pretty good at sticking to their flea treatment regimes. If you feel like you’re doing everything right, you might feel frustrated and wonder, ‘Why is my flea treatment not working?’ In these situations, it’s most important to make sure you treat every one of your pets with a veterinary-licensed flea treatment at the same time. 

Alongside this, you should hot-wash any removable bedding and soft furnishings where your pet sleeps and consider using a household flea spray. By treating all hosts and the environment at the same time, you’ll ensure that the fleas have nowhere to hide! Once you’ve dealt with fleas in the home once, it’s bound to be something you never want to experience again. So, here are six ways to prevent fleas!

• What’s the safest flea treatment for cats? Our vet answers
• What’s the safest flea treatment for dogs? A vet's guide
• How to soothe flea bites on dogs

What will kill fleas instantly?

If you notice fleas on your pet, it’s natural to want them gone straight away! Different flea treatments work in different ways. Some will kill fleas as they feed, while others will inhibit their life cycle. Other flea preventative treatments will also repel live fleas, helping to keep your four-legged friend safe from infestation. Treatments are available as collars, spot-on treatments, sprays, and tablets. 

So, how do you know which flea treatment is the most appropriate treatment for your cat or dog? Well, it’s best to speak to a veterinarian at your local veterinary clinic for advice on which product will best suit you and your furry family.

Summary

Finding fleas on your pet or in the home can be distressing and stressful, especially if you regularly use flea treatment on your pets. If you’re finding these pesky parasites hard to eradicate, make sure you’re using a veterinary-approved product, and treating all pets in the household. It would be best if you also used a household flea spray and hoover throughout your home, as well as hot-washing everything you can. 

However, if you’re still having trouble, speak to your veterinarian. They’ll be able to help find the source of the fleas as well as provide you with the tools and treatments you need to get your pet’s fleas under control for good.

Dog fleas vs cat fleas - is there any difference between the two or are the pesky parasites that infest our canine companions and feline friends exactly the same? 

Well, the answer might just surprise you because while they are technically two different species, where in the world you live will determine which flea your dog is likely to pick up.

If you’ve ever wondered can cat fleas live on dogs, the answer is a resounding yes if you call North America home. Dog fleas are found predominantly in Europe, so if you live outside of this corner of the globe and your pup picks up fleas, the chances are high that they’re of the cat variety.

Symptoms of a flea infestation can include excessive itching, red skin and secondary infections so regardless of what type of flea has decided to hitch a ride in your fur friend’s coat, it’s important that you act fast with the best flea treatment for dogs or the best flea treatment for cats to banish the infestation. 

Below, Dr. Rebecca MacMillan is here to tell you everything you need to know about fleas, including the different types, the effects fleas can have on your pet and what to do if your beloved bundle of fluff develops an infestation. Let’s dive in…

Are cat fleas different from dog fleas?

There are many species of fleas that infect different types of animals. Cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) are different from dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis), but in reality, you can only really tell with a microscope.

Any subtle differences in the way they look don’t really matter when you consider that the majority of fleas found on pets in the USA are cat fleas. Cat fleas have adapted to infect and drink the blood of other animals, but dog fleas are very specific to dogs. As dog flea infestations are much rarer, chances are that you will be treating both your pet dog and cat for cat fleas!

The flea life cycle

All species of flea grow and develop through the same stages, which are referred to as the flea life cycle. This life cycle can complete in 2-4 weeks in optimum (warm/humid) conditions.

Adults
Adult fleas are small insects about 1-3mm in size, brownish-red, and wingless. They hatch out of small cocoons on the ground when an animal passes by. The flea will then feed on the animal, drinking blood, and will start reproducing.

Eggs
If mated, female fleas can lay up to 50 eggs a day. These eggs are tiny and hard to spot, rolling off of the animal onto the ground. In the right conditions, they hatch into larvae within 2 to 12 days.

Larvae
Larvae look like small pale wriggly worms. They prefer the dark so they crawl into cracks and gaps, like between carpet fibers or in the sofas of your home, or on the ground outside. They feed on organic debris including skin flakes, food particles, and feces from mature fleas that have fallen onto the floor from your pet.

Pupae
The larvae feed and grow, then spin themselves a sticky cocoon out of silk, turning into a pupa. Dust and dirt stick to it, camouflaging it and making it hard to suck up through a vacuum. This can remain disguised in its environment for weeks or months until an animal passes by again. Then, out hatches an adult flea, and so the life cycle starts again.

What problems can fleas cause?

Both dog and cat fleas will bite to feed on blood, which can be very itchy. In animals with high numbers of fleas, this itchiness can be very intense, leading to sore, inflamed skin. 

Very young puppies and kittens with high levels of fleas can suffer from anemia due to the volume of blood lost. Fleas can also spread diseases between animals.

Flea larvae can play a significant role in the tapeworm life cycle by accidentally ingesting tapeworm eggs whilst feeding on the ground. As the flea matures it carries the tapeworm inside it still. If your pet grooms or licks itself and accidentally swallows an infected flea, it becomes infected with the tapeworm.

You might also be interested to read Do fleas bite humans?

How do I get rid of fleas?

You will need to treat both the adult fleas on your pet and the many immature fleas and eggs that are in the environment too.

There are a variety of different products to kill adult fleas including topical spot-on treatments, oral medications, and flea collars. Your veterinarian will be able to advise you on the best product for your pet. It’s important to use these products regularly as prescribed so that you have continuous protection.

You can treat the house with chemical sprays. The resistant pupae may not be affected by this though so you have to be patient and wait for the adult flea to hop out and come into contact with your pet and its flea product. The vibrations of hoovering will encourage them to hatch faster as well increasing the humidity, such as hanging wet towels on warm radiators.

If you are still struggling despite this you may want to look at Why is my flea treatment not working?

Will dog flea treatment kill cat fleas?

Yes, dog flea treatment that you apply to your canine pets will kill any cat fleas on them. As discussed earlier, most flea infestations in pets are caused by cat fleas anyway, so manufacturers' products are definitely effective against this parasite. Plus, different types of flea are all very susceptible to the same insecticidal chemicals anyway. Here are the safest flea treatments for dogs.

How do I stop my pet getting fleas?

As discussed in six ways to prevent fleas you should keep your cat and dog on all year round preventative flea and tick treatment. This will stop you from getting a big flea outbreak in the first place. Keeping a clutter-free, easy to hoover home will also help stop problems getting out of hand too.

Cat fleas and dog fleas are slightly different, with the cat flea being the more widespread and versatile of the two. Cat fleas affect many animals causing problems like itchiness and potentially spreading disease. Apply your pet’s preventative flea treatment regularly to ensure your pet has continuous cover against this pesky parasite!

For more information on what to do if your pet has a flea infestation, check out our guides to how to soothe flea bites on dogs and how to give a cat a flea bath that hates water.

It's only natural to wonder how to give a dog a flea bath, especially if you notice fleas scurrying around while you’re petting your dog. Before you rush out to the pet supply store and buy flea shampoo, however, step back and think for a minute. Pesticide-containing flea baths can offer benefits to some dogs with a heavy flea infestation, but they also come with risks. Do your research to determine whether your pooch will benefit from a flea bath, or whether an alternative flea treatment for dogs may be a better option. 

• How often should I bathe my dog? 5 tips for keeping your pooch feeling fresh
• The best flea medication for dogs: Pills to keep your canine free of critters
• Six ways to prevent fleas

Do dogs need a bath for fleas?

Bathing your dog can be an effective way to remove large numbers of adult fleas. While some shampoos contain pesticides that are specifically designed to kill fleas and other insects, almost any dog shampoo will reduce the number of fleas on your pup, if used correctly. Sudsing your dog up and allowing the lather to remain on your dog’s coat for ten minutes will suffocate fleas, killing many fleas in a manner similar to a flea bath. 

While a bath can kill adult fleas, it doesn't do anything to address flea eggs and flea larvae in your environment. Did you know that a single female adult flea can lay up to 40-50 eggs per day? If your dog has enough fleas that you are noticing them on your dog’s skin, countless eggs have probably already been shed in your environment. Even if you remove all of the adult fleas on your dog with a bath, your dog is bound to become reinfested as soon as they return to your home or yard. In order to treat fleas effectively, you need a longer-acting solution that will not only kill the adult fleas but also prevent reinfestation. 

Alternative flea treatments

Effective flea control requires the use of a long-acting flea preventative. This way, when your dog once again encounters fleas in the environment, those fleas do not have the opportunity to set up an infestation. 

The most effective flea preventatives are those that are prescribed by veterinarians. These products typically contain newer drugs, meaning that fleas have not yet had an opportunity to develop resistance to these products. Additionally, prescription flea preventatives are often more targeted than the broad-spectrum pesticides included in over-the-counter products, which minimizes the risk of side effects. Prescription flea preventatives are available in both topical and oral formulations, depending on your pet’s needs, your preferences, and your veterinarian’s recommendations. Talk to your veterinarian to determine which prescription flea preventative is best for your dog. 

Over-the-counter flea preventatives are also available. These products may work better than a flea bath, but they are often less effective than prescription flea preventatives. Some of the best flea collars for dogs are available in pet supply stores; the most effective of these collars is the Seresto collar, which kills fleas and ticks for up to eight months. 

Topical flea preventatives found in pet supply stores often have variable efficacy because fleas may be resistant to some products, but Frontline Plus can be effective for some dogs. If you purchase over-the-counter flea prevention, be sure to read product labels carefully. Many over-the-counter canine flea preventatives are toxic to cats; these products can cause significant harm if your cat snuggles with your dog after the application of a topical flea prevention. There may also be other safety warnings, depending on the particular product that you are using, so it’s important to thoroughly read product inserts and instructions.

How to give a dog a flea bath

Follow these steps on how to give a dog a bath if you're looking to use a flea bath as a sole treatment or in addition to administering a long-acting flea preventative:

1. Select your shampoo carefully. Many flea shampoos contain chemicals called pyrethrins, which may be unsafe for young puppies and are toxic to cats. Remember that any dog shampoo will kill adult fleas if you allow the suds to remain on your dog for long enough, so you don’t necessarily need a flea shampoo to kill live fleas.

2. Bathe your dog in a well-ventilated area. This step is especially important if you’re using a shampoo that contains pyrethrins or other insecticides because prolonged breathing of these chemicals can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat of both dogs and humans.

3. Avoid getting shampoo and water in your dog’s eyes and ears. Moisture in the ears can predispose your dog to an ear infection, while shampoo can cause significant damage to the eyes. 

4. Rinse your dog thoroughly after bathing. Shampoo residue that is left on the skin can cause skin irritation, even if you are using a gentle shampoo. 

If you opt to apply a topical flea preventative after giving a bath, talk to your veterinarian or read the label instructions for guidance on when to do so. Some flea products can be applied as soon as your dog’s coat is dry, while other products should be applied several days after bathing (to allow the skin time to replenish its natural oils). 

When to see a vet 

Fleas are typically accompanied by a small degree of itching. If your dog is experiencing severe itching, however, you should seek the help of a veterinarian. Many dogs have a condition known as Flea Allergy Dermatitis (FAD), which is an allergy to proteins that are found within flea saliva. In these dogs, even a small number of flea bites can trigger a serious allergic reaction. Signs of FAD typically include redness of the skin and hair loss, especially over the base of the tail. If your dog has FAD, your veterinarian can prescribe medications to decrease the allergic reactions that are occurring in your dog’s skin. Flea prevention will also be an essential component of treatment, but prescription medications can help give your dog rapid relief.

In other cases, dogs may develop a bacterial infection as a result of the itching and inflammation caused by fleas. There are always bacteria on the surface of your dog’s skin, but vigorous itching can allow these bacteria to enter the skin and cause an infection. If your dog is showing signs of infection, such as scabs, bumps, pustules on the skin, or hot spots, contact your veterinarian to schedule an appointment for an evaluation. Medicated shampoos or oral antibiotics are typically required in dogs with a skin infection.

• How to soothe flea bites on dogs

Conclusion: Know your options

While it is important to know how to give a dog a flea bath safely, it’s equally important to be knowledgeable about other flea control options. Using long-acting flea prevention all year round can help you stop flea problems before they have a chance to get started. If your dog does develop a flea infestation, combine a bath with other treatments to achieve maximal benefits. 

Want more content like this? Check out our feature on how often you should bathe a puppy. Here are the safest flea treatments for dogs.

These home remedies for fleas on dogs are a great choice if you’re wanting to look for a natural alternative to the chemical flea treatments that are on the market.

While some pet parents find the best flea treatments for dogs to be a convenient and hassle-free way to keep their pooch protected, others would prefer to forgo the tablets and topicals and look for a gentler alternative.

Regardless of whether your hound has a current flea infestation or you’re looking to prevent future outbreaks, we recommend having a chat with your vet about the best course of action for you and your pup.

If you decide that you’d like to give a chemical-free option a try, these home remedies for fleas on dogs are all great non-toxic options that require limited ingredients and are super affordable to make. Before you get stared, you might want to read our vet's guide on the safest flea treatments for dogs.

• Best flea collar for dogs: Protect your pooch from unwanted critters
• The best flea medication for dogs: Pills to keep your canine free of critters
• Six ways to prevent fleas

1. Coconut oil

If you’ve ever slathered your skin with coconut oil, then you know how silky soft the results are. And while this magic beauty treatment will do the same for your dog’s skin and coat, it has the added benefit of helping to eradicate fleas. Seriously, is there anything this stuff can’t do?!

Coconut oil has high levels of a saturated fat known as lauric acid which naturally repells fleas. It also has antiviral, antifungal, and antibacterial qualities that can help treat intestinal parasites when it’s added to your dog’s food.

To use coconut oil as a remedy for fleas, you can either give it orally or rub it through your dog’s coat. For the oral option, simply add 1 teaspoon per 20 poinds of body weight to your dog’s food twice daily. To apply it to their coat, melt the coconut oil by rubbing it between your hands and smoothing it through the fur.

2. Lavender oil

You may have heard that essential oils are dangerous for dogs and while it’s true some are toxic, there are many essential oils that can be very beneficial when they’re prepared correctly.

Fleas and ticks hate the scent of lavender and it also prevents their eggs from hatching, so if you’re looking for a safe and gentle way to get rid of fleas or prevent them, this essential oil is well worth a try. 

It’s important to always use a carrier oil to dilute essential oils before applying them to your dog’s skin - coconut oil is great for this, so why not try mixing a few drops of lavender in with some coconut oil and rubbing it into your dog’s coat.

3. Brewer’s yeast

Quite possibly the best kept secret when it comes to natural flea remedies, brewer’s yeast does a standout job of repelling fleas and ticks on most dogs.

Scientists aren’t quite sure what it is about brewer’s yeast that makes it so effective, but it’s likely the combination of B vitamins and other minerals that come together to form a reaction that parasites don’t like.

Brewer’s yeast is available in both powder and tablet form and we recommend speaking with your vet to see if one would be more suitable for your dog than the other. The general recommendation when used as a powder is to mix half a teaspoon in with your dog’s food.

4. Rosemary, lemon and sage spray

If you love a good woody fragrance, then you’ll love spritzing your pup with this divine smelling rosemary and sage spray. The aroma given off by these two strong herbs are detested by fleas, so they’re the perfect pairing to protect your pooch.

To make the spray, take a quart of hot water and add the juice of a lemon and a bunch each of fresh rosemary and sage. Don’t have fresh herbs on hand? No worries, add 10 drops each of rosemary and sage essential oils and you’ll get the same effect.

Leave the hot mixture to steep overnight before straining and pouring the solution into a spray bottle. Spritz your dog all over, paying special attention to prime parasite hot spots - their belly, tail, legs and ears.

5. Make a natural flea collar

It’s time to open up the liquor cabinet and pull out the vodka because it turns out this spirit makes a great base for a natural flea collar. There are several essential oils that you can mix with the vodka, but here are our favorite three:

Savory herb

• 1 teaspoon unflavored vodka
• 1 drop rosemary essential oil
• 1 drop thyme essential oil
• Garlic oil from one small capsule

Cedarwood-Lemongrass

• 1 teaspoon unflavored vodka
• 1 drop eucalyptus essential oil
• 1 drop cedarwood essential oil
• 1 drop lemongrass essential oil

Rosy floral

• 1 teaspoon unflavored vodka
• 1 drop rose geranium essential oil

To make any of these collars, the first step is to grab a soft nylon or cotton collar from your local pet supply store. Then, add the vodka and essential oils to a small bowl and stir to blend. Lay the collar on a baking sheet and pour the mixture over until the collar has fully absorbed it. Leave to air dry and then use immediately. Resoak the collar each week to recharge it.

Do not use on dogs under the age of one year and never apply any essential oil directly to your dog’s fur or skin - always make sure to dilute it first.

6. Lemon bath

One of the best natural flea fighting remedies is a good old fashioned lemon bath. Next time you’re giving your pup a bath with the best dog shampoo, add a cup of fresh lemon juice to the bath water as citrus is a great repellent. Lather your hound up for a good 10-15 minutes to get the maximum effect.

Just a word of caution - be careful not to get any of the water in your dog’s eyes as citrus can sting, and always use fresh lemon and not a lemon essential oil as this can cause an adverse reaction in some pets. 

7. Flea sachet

Do you remember those drawer sachets that used to be a really popular way of making your clothes smell sweet? Well, it turns out you can make a similar version to help keep the fleas away from your furkid.

This is a really good option if your dog doesn’t like having anything applied to their coat or skin and it’s nice and easy to make. Simply get some breathable material, like hessian or muslin and fill it with lemon peel, dried lavender buds, and cedar chips.

Once you’re done, tie it up into a little sachet and place it near where your dog sleeps. You’ll need to replenish the ingredients once every 30 days or so to ensure it remains effective.

Choosing the safest flea treatment for dogs is an important task and we’re here to help you make that big decision. Fleas wreak havoc on your and your dog’s lives, causing itching and irritation that can lead to secondary infections.

As well as being a general nuisance, fleas can be dangerous to your dog and can even bite and transmit diseases to humans. They carry potentially fatal diseases and parasites and can cause life-threatening cases of anemia and pass on Bartonellosis disease. They can also spread tapeworms, a nasty intestinal parasite that causes diarrhea and weight loss.

The best flea treatments for dogs come in a variety of forms, from topical treatments to oral chews, and you might be weighing up the differences between flea medicine v collars. With so many options to choose from, we’re not surprised if you’re feeling overwhelmed, which is why vet Dr. Racine is here to help. Below, she’s explained all the treatments available and how safe they are for your dog:

Choosing the safest flea treatment for dogs

To choose the safest flea treatment for dogs, you’ll first need to consider the type of flea treatment that best fits your dog’s needs and lifestyle. Flea treatments are available as collars, oral tablets or chews, and topical spot-on treatments. All three types of flea treatment categories have products that are safe and effective, but they each have their own pros and cons. You’ll also need to consider your dog’s age, health status, and the manufacturer’s recommendations before you pick a product.

We recommend always choosing a prescription product as recommended by your veterinarian, so you know you’ll be getting something that is safe and effective for your dog. Your vet is also your best resource to help you pick a product that best fits your lifestyle and budget as well as your dog’s individual needs.

You might also want to learn how to remove a tick from your pet and why your flea treatment isn't working.

Flea collars for dogs

Many pet owners prefer to use collars as their flea treatment because this method is easy and mess-free. Some of the modern flea collar products even last as long as eight months, so you won’t have to remember to administer your dog’s flea treatment on a regular basis – a great plus for many busy families! 

However, it is important to remember that not all flea collars are created equal. Many cheap over-the-counter flea collars are not safe or effective flea treatments and may not provide good protection against fleas. Before purchasing an over-the-counter product, be sure to research the best flea collars for dogs currently available on the market and check in with your vet to see what they recommend.

Flea collars also have some drawbacks. Because they rely on medication that spreads from the collar across your pet’s skin, they are not a good option for pets who swim or bathe frequently, as this will wash away the medication and shorten the life of the collar. 

Be sure to check the manufacturer’s recommendations to find out how often your pet can safely be exposed to water while using the flea collar. Collars also pose a choking hazard if your pet chews the collar or becomes caught on anything, such as a branch while running outside. Look for collars with a built-in breakaway system to help minimize this risk, or consider another flea treatment option for pets that spend a lot of time outdoors.

Topical flea treatment for dogs

How do topical flea treatments work? Topical flea treatments are often seen as a safe flea treatment for dogs because many types of this medication are not absorbed systemically, meaning they do not cross the dog’s skin barrier or get absorbed into the bloodstream. This can be a safer option for dogs with a history of reactions to certain types of medications. 

Topical flea treatments are typically applied every month or every three months, depending on the product, so pet owners need to be careful to remember to apply these products on time. 

Like collars, these medications can be washed away if your pet swims or bathes frequently, so be sure to follow the manufacturer’s directions for use and consider an oral flea treatment if your pet is frequently exposed to water. 

You’ll also need to be careful not to touch the area where the flea treatment was applied until it is fully dry, which usually takes about an hour after application. In rare cases, some dogs may have mild side effects such as local skin reactions at the site where the medication was applied, which may include hair loss, redness, itching, and scabbing.

Oral flea treatment for dogs

Oral flea treatments are easy to administer and typically offer one or three months of protection per dose. These flea treatment medications are usually flavored so most dogs actually enjoy taking them!

Many pet owners prefer this option because it is less messy compared to topical medication and does not wash away with swimming or bathing the way topical and collar flea treatments often do. These medications are safe and effective for most dogs, and side effects tend to be mild. 

For dogs that do experience side effects, the most common symptoms are vomiting and diarrhea. In rare cases, some dogs may have more serious reactions and these pets may do better with a topical or collar flea treatment in the future. Pet owners will have to remember to give this medication every month or every 90 days, but because it’s easy to administer, most find it to be more appealing that topical medications.

The bottom line is that there are many safe and effective flea treatments available for your dog, and that is great news! You have many options to choose from depending on your lifestyle, budget, and personal preferences. 

If you have questions about the best flea treatments for your dog, your veterinarian is an invaluable resource to provide product recommendations and guidance for you and your pup. Together, you and your vet team will undoubtedly find a safe and effective flea treatment that your whole family can feel comfortable with.

You might also want to read: Six ways to prevent fleas and topical flea treatment vs oral.

Topical flea treatment vs. oral - it's the question on every pet parent's lips! We all want the best for our pets and that means keeping them protected from annoying pests like fleas and the diseases they can carry!  So it’s no surprise that pet owners are searching for the best flea treatment for dogs.

Many pet owners have wondered which is better: a topical or oral flea treatment.  It may surprise you to learn that neither one is necessarily better than the other! Both products can be safe and effective for your pet, but they each have their own advantages and disadvantages.  

Choosing between the best flea medication for dogs and topical treatments can be confusing at first, especially if you don’t know exactly what to look for.  In this article, we’ll tackle some of the differences in topical vs. oral flea treatments so you can make informed choices for your pet’s care.

Topical flea treatment vs. oral: How to choose a flea treatment

There are so many different flea treatment products on the market today, including some of the best flea collars for dogs, so it can be tough to know what’s best for your pooch.  Before you decide which product to purchase, you may want to consider some factors about your dog’s lifestyle, such as:

• Does my dog currently have fleas or am I simply looking for a preventive treatment?
• Will my dog be swimming or bathing while using this product?
• Is my dog exposed to areas with ticks?
• Are tick-borne diseases such as Lyme disease common in my area?
• Does my dog have a history of reactions to any type of flea treatment?
• Does my dog have a history of skin problems or sensitivities to topical products?
• Can my dog safely wear a flea collar?
• Will I remember to use a monthly product or would a longer-acting product be better?
• Which products does my veterinarian recommend?

These questions can help you narrow down the vast array of products and choose a flea treatment that is best suited to your dog’s unique lifestyle and individual needs.

It is also very important to consult your veterinarian to find out which products he or she recommends for your pet and to make sure you are purchasing your flea treatment products from a reputable retailer.  Many over-the-counter flea treatment products are ineffective or even unsafe for your dog, so be sure to consult your veterinarian before using any of these products.  

Similarly, the flea treatment products sold by many online retailers may be counterfeit or improperly stored and may not work as well as they should.  Purchasing products directly from your veterinarian or from companies recommended by your veterinarian ensures that you are getting a flea treatment product that is both safe and effective.

Benefits of topical flea treatment vs. oral

One of the major benefits of topical flea treatments is that many products are not absorbed systemically, meaning they do not cross the skin barrier or get absorbed into your pet’s blood stream.  This can be an advantage for animals who have a history of reactions to certain medications or those who have not tolerated oral flea treatments well in the past.  

Some pet owners also find it very difficult to give pills to their pets, so a topical flea treatment may be a much easier option compared to an oral flea treatment.  Some topical flea treatments also contain a repellent medication that keeps fleas and/or ticks away from your pet, which can be an added benefit.

Disadvantages of topical flea treatment vs. oral

The biggest drawback of a topical flea treatment is that it can be washed away if your pet swims or bathes frequently.  Some products are waterproof once they have fully dried, while others may not stay on if your pet goes swimming.  Most products will not withstand shampooing.  Be sure to read the manufacturer’s directions before applying the product, and consider an oral product instead if your pet is frequently around water.  Some pet owners may also find topical flea treatments messy and more difficult to apply than simply giving a pill, so you may wish to consider giving an oral flea treatment if you find this to be the case.

Is topical flea treatment safer than oral?

The safest flea treatment for your pet depends on your pet’s age, health status, and medication history.  If your pet has had reactions to certain types of medication in the past, then it may be best to avoid that class of drugs in the future.  For example, topical flea treatments can sometimes cause localized skin reactions such as hair loss and redness at the site of application.  If your pet has experienced this with topical medications in the past, an oral flea treatment may be a safer option.  

Similarly, if your pet has reacted badly to oral flea treatments, then a topical flea treatment may be a safer option.  Some topical flea treatments do not cross the skin barrier and are not absorbed systemically, so this can be a safer option for pets who are sensitive to medications.  However, there are many safe and effective drugs within both types of flea treatment medications.

Is topical flea treatment better than oral?

Ultimately, there is no one “best” flea treatment product that works for all pets.  There are many safe and effective topical and oral products available.  The best product for your pet will depend on your pet’s health and lifestyle, your budget, and your own preferences.  

Choosing a flea treatment product can be tough, but with so many topical and oral flea treatment products available on the market, you are certain to find something that works well for both you and your pets. The most important thing is that you learn how to prevent fleas so that your pet stays happy and healthy, and a form of year-round flea prevention, whether oral or topical, is the most effective way to do that.

Your veterinarian can guide you and offer recommendations on the best products for your pet’s needs, as well as the best places to purchase them to ensure the flea treatment you choose is safe and effective for your pet.

The Center for Biological Diversity has filed a formal legal petition urging the Environmental Protection Agency to cancel the registration of the popular Seresto flea collar after it was connected to the deaths of close to 1,700 animals and injuries to many more. 

Regularly taking out the number one spot as the best flea collar for dogs and best flea collar for cats on sites like Amazon, Elanco’s Seresto flea collar has recently been linked to thousands of pet deaths and injuries, as well as hundreds of reports of harm to humans.

Documents obtained from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) revealed a link between animals wearing the Seresto collar and reports of lethargy, loss of motor function, scabs on the skin, and seizures that pet parents observed in their animals. To date, the EPA has received more than 75,000 complaints from dog and cat owners but up until last week, they had refused to take action.

Alongside their legal petition, the Center for Biological Diversity has also filed a lawsuit against the EPA, challenging their failure to release documents regarding the reported injuries caused by the Seresto flea collar.

“It shouldn’t take a lawsuit to get the EPA to release public documents that could shed light on the deaths of over a thousand family pets,” said Lori Ann Burd, director of the Center’s environmental health program. “It’s inexcusable that the agency charged with regulating this pesticidal collar has not only refused to hand over public documents but has also refused to even take the basic measure of warning the public that it has received over 75,000 reports of it causing harm and even death.” 

Mounting pressure from some members of Congress has caused the EPA to cave to the growing demand for a proper investigation into the Seresto collars. A spokesperson for the EPA says that they are in the early stages of requesting and reviewing information about pet incidents involving Seresto and that it’s too early to say whether the collar has a higher rate of harmful events than similar products.

“EPA understands this is a critical issue,” the spokesperson said. “The agency’s immediate advice to pet owners is to talk with their veterinarian before using any pet insecticide to find out what the vet recommends, read the label, and follow instructions on safe use of the product, be alert for any unexpected reaction, and report adverse reactions with as much detail as possible.”

• Biden’s dog Major sent back to family home after ‘biting incident’

If your cat or dog is currently wearing a Seresto collar, you’re likely feeling understandably concerned and we recommend talking to your veterinarian first and foremost to seek advice on whether your pet is safe to continue wearing it. 

Dr. Elizabeth Trepp, a veterinarian at Banfield Pet Hospital in Washington, believes the reports need to be looked into but says she’s never had an issue with the Seresto collar and neither have any of her colleagues. It’s a view shared by our in-house vet Dr. Joanna Woodnutt who says “many vets have used Seresto collars for years, including on our own pets, and have noted only very mild side effects.”

With all the vet comments we’ve read and sourced having found only minimal or no side effects with the Seresto collar in their pets and those they see in their practice, what might be causing the health issues pet parents are witnessing in their furkids? Is it the Seresto collar or might other factors be at play?

When it comes to skin issues, such as scabs, Woodnutt is reassuring. “Whilst scabs under the collar might seem serious, it was actually seen in the placebo group in trials as well, suggesting it’s not as much the ingredients in the collar as it is the collar itself.” Dr. Alicen Tracey, a vet and member of the Daily Paws Advisory Board, echoes the views of Woodnutt and suggests pet parents may first want to ensure their furkid is wearing their collar correctly.

“Flea-tick collars work by interacting with the skin to distribute the preventative medication and should therefore be placed around the neck snug enough to create skin contact, but allowing the applicator to fit two fingers beneath the collar," she writes, if you don't check regularly, the collar can get too loose or too tight, which can cause irritation.”

Another potential issue is the rise in the number of fake Seresto collars being sold to dog and cat owners as the genuine article. The collar has recently changed drug classification in the U.K., meaning it no longer needs a prescription, which is likely contributing to the number of fakes we’re seeing.

“Fake Seresto collars are definitely in circulation, and these products will not have gone through the rigorous testing that the original collar has undergone,” says Woodnutt, adding “because pet owners aren’t generally aware they’ve bought a fake product, it’s impossible to know how many of these reports have been about a fake product rather than the original one.”

Both Trepp and Woodnutt stress the importance of investigations being carried out before any official link is made between the health issues reported by pet owners and the Seresto collar. “Anecdotal reports are not helpful as they are open to bias, and almost all of the alleged reactions are anecdotal,” says Woodnutt. 

Explaining that vets have a legal obligation to report suspected side effects and drug companies will usually pay for investigations to prove or disprove a link with their product, Woodnutt wants people to understand the difference between the allegations and a proven link. “Only if the link is proven or strongly suspected will a warning be published, a recall issued, or the datasheet will be changed to explain the possible new side effect,” she says.

If you’re feeling concerned about the information currently doing the rounds about the Seresto collar, have a chat with your vet who can advise you on the best course of action. The best flea treatments for dogs and the best flea treatments for cats both come in a wide variety of different formulas, including topical treatments and oral medications, so there are plenty of options available if you’d prefer not to use a flea collar. 

How do dogs get fleas? It's a question that often plagues pet owners, and something worth educating yourself on as with fleas, prevention is much easier than the cure.

Yes, there are a number of the best flea treatments for dogs on the market but if you are able to spot and prevent where fleas come from it can save you a lot of time and money on treatments or vet bills. 

That being said, don’t worry if you are reading this and your dog already has fleas. You can give your dog all the love and care they deserve, but somehow, those pesky fleas will still manage to find their way onto your furry friend. Thankfully there are a number of solutions when it comes to tackling how to get rid of fleas.

For now though, join us as we embark on a flea-finding journey, guided by the expertise of Dr. Joanna Woodnutt, an experienced veterinarian who will shed light on the origins of fleas, common hotspots, and effective prevention methods.

How do dogs get fleas?

The first thing to understand is that the flea has a lifecycle consisting of four stages – egg, larvae, cocoon, and adult flea. It’s only the adult flea that feeds on your dog, and – with their long, springy legs – it’s the adults that are going to jump onto your pet when he’s out and about. The other stages live in the environment, whether that’s your carpet or a nice, warm rabbit burrow. So, how do dogs get fleas?

1. Other animals in the house

They might not be itching, but other animals in the house are a common source of fleas. Adult fleas can jump from pet to pet, but they can also lay eggs that eventually hatch and bite your dog. Check all the animals in the house for ‘flea dirt’ (flea poo) by brushing them with a flea comb and tapping any brown crumbs onto wet kitchen paper. A red ring spreading from the dirt means your pet has fleas. Don’t forget visiting cats, even if they aren’t yours!

2. Animals outside

Does your dog like to play with other dogs in the park? Or regularly stop to sniff a friendly street cat? Fleas can hop up to half a metre in distance, so coming into contact with other animals outside is one way that your dog can get fleas. Buying him or her the a good flea collar will help.

3. Environment

It’s not just coming into physical contact with animals that can cause your dog to get fleas. After all, fleas will jump or fall off an infested pet from time to time, and end up in the environment. That means your dog could be getting fleas from playing in the leaves in the dog park, at your friend’s house, or even at the groomers or kennels.  

4. Newly-hatched fleas

Your dog can also pick up a flea infestation from a house currently undergoing flea eradication. Treatment for fleas takes 3-6 months due to the resistance of the ‘cocoon’ stage to any pesticides. If your dog’s flea protection has worn off, fleas will be very pleased to hatch from their cocoons and jump on!

5. You!

You’ll start itching in a moment, but did you know you can give fleas to your dog? Whilst fleas don’t like to live on humans (there’s not enough hair to grip onto!) they can ‘hitch a ride’ on your clothes. So, even if you have an indoor-only pet, they can get fleas!

Why does my dog have fleas even though I treated him?

There are lots of reasons why your dog can have fleas despite flea treatment. The most common reasons for flea treatment failure are:

• Not treating for long enough
• Incorrect use of product
• Incorrect product choice

Whilst it’s easy to blame an ineffective product, this is a rare cause of treatment failure. It does sometimes occur with fake products, natural remedies, or over-the-counter products. Resistance to flea treatments is a risk, but there has been no demonstrated resistance to most products. However, resistance has been demonstrated to pyrethroids, a type of insecticide found in store-bought, over-the-counter flea treatments.

How can I stop my dog from getting fleas?

As we’ve seen, your dog can get fleas in the park, at a friend’s house, or even if they don’t go out at all. So how can you keep them safe? Well, the best way to prevent your dog from getting fleas is to make sure they’re treated with a flea preventative year-round, or as regularly as recommended by your vet. You can also read our article “Six ways to prevent fleas” for more advice. 

A common misconception is that flea products are dangerous and have lots of side effects, so you shouldn’t use them regularly. All flea treatments are thoroughly tested before being brought to market and vets keep a close eye for signs of problems that need to be reported. However, some flea treatments can cause problems for particular breeds (and some dog flea treatments can kill cats!) so identifying the correct product to use is important.

It’s also worth bearing in mind that natural home remedies for fleas are not necessarily safe, or effective. You may have seen recommendations for tea tree oil, eucalyptus, citronella, and other essential oils, as well as some stranger ideas like lemon juice spray, dawn dish soap, and planting lavender or marigolds. Although going natural can seem like a good idea (and if finances are tight, you might be thinking it’s cheaper), it’s important to remember that even natural substances like essential oils can be toxic to your dog. Before you apply any home remedies for fleas, ask your vet if it’s safe.

Dogs can get fleas from other animals, from the ground, from an infestation that hasn’t fully gone, or even from you. This means all dogs can get fleas, no matter what their lifestyle is. My recommendation is to make sure your dog is fully protected from fleas by applying prescription flea preventatives as often as your vet recommends.

You might be wondering, 'What's the safest flea treatment for dogs?'

Dealing with a dog with worms can be gross, but it’s unfortunately a common occurrence and there’s nothing quite as appalling as finding a wriggling worm in your dog’s stool! . Puppies are especially susceptible to parasites, but dogs of any age can be affected. Your dog may contract parasites from coming into contact with the feces of other dogs, eating wildlife or their feces, or even through contact with infected soil. Organizations like the Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC) and the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) recommend keeping your dog on parasite prevention medications year-round to combat this issue. If your dog has had some gaps in his parasite prevention, you may need to follow these guidelines to treat your dog for worms.

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Signs of intestinal parasites in dogs

How do you know if your dog has worms? Many dogs with parasite infections show no symptoms at all. That’s why it’s so important to see your veterinarian for regular preventive care and fecal screenings. When dogs do show symptoms of parasitic infections, these signs can include:

• Diarrhea
• Vomiting
• Decreased appetite
• Poor quality hair coat
• Worms in the stool or vomitus
• Coughing
• Weakness
• Lethargy
• Weight loss or failure to gain weight
• Pot-bellied appearance
• Dog scooting

Many of these signs can also occur with other illnesses, some of which may be serious. So it’s important to consult your veterinarian about any changes in your dog’s health or behavior. Never give your dog any over-the-counter medications or home remedies unless your veterinarian has advised you to do so. Many of these treatments can be harmful to dogs, especially if the underlying cause of their symptoms has not been correctly diagnosed.

See your veterinarian to diagnose the problem

If you suspect your dog may have worms or other intestinal parasites, the first step is a visit to your veterinarian. There are many internal parasites that can affect dogs and not all parasitic infections are treated the same way. Your veterinarian may recommend evaluating a sample of your dog’s feces to find and identify parasites. Sometimes a fecal sample can provide a false negative result, due to the intermittent shedding of parasite eggs in your dog’s feces. If your dog’s symptoms continue, your veterinarian may recommend testing additional fecal samples. If your dog has a known history of exposure to parasites, your vet may instead recommend a prophylactic deworming, which means giving your dog a broad spectrum deworming medication to treat the most common culprits. Common intestinal parasites in dogs can include hookworms, roundworms, whipworms, coccidia, and giardia, among others.

Treating a dog with worms

The types of parasites your dog is exposed to may vary depending on your geographic region, the season, and your dog’s age and lifestyle, so your veterinarian will choose a deworming medication with these factors in mind. Some medications may need to be given only once, while others may need to be repeated for multiple days or at regular intervals in order to fully address the infection. If parasites are prevalent in your area or if your dog has a high risk of exposure, your veterinarian may recommend treating your dog with a broad spectrum dewormer monthly to prevent both heartworm disease and intestinal parasites.

When treating a dog with worms, it is especially important to treat the dog’s environment. Dogs can easily re-infect themselves or infect other dogs with the parasite eggs that are shed in their feces. Any time your dog defecates, be sure to pick up the feces right away and dispose of it in a sanitary location. Avoid walking your dog in areas where other dogs or wildlife defecate. Many parasites that affect dogs can also infect humans, so practice good hygiene and always wash your hands after handling your dog’s feces. Young children are particularly susceptible to parasitic infections and should not be allowed to play or walk barefoot in the areas where dogs routinely defecate.  

Preventing worms in dogs

You know the old saying: “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure!” Parasite infections are much easier to prevent than they are to treat. Veterinarians typically recommend treating your dog with a monthly broad spectrum anti-parasitic medication, which will protect your dog against heartworm and intestinal parasites. Keeping your dog up-to-date on flea and tick preventive medications is also important, because fleas can transmit tapeworms, a common intestinal parasite of both dogs and cats. In addition to preventive medications, your veterinarian may recommend annual or semi-annual testing to screen your dog for parasites. Many dogs with worms are asymptomatic, so this is an important step to catch infections early and identify any gaps in your dogs’ preventive coverage.

Young puppies are especially susceptible to worms due to their immature immune systems. Parasites like hookworm can be transmitted from the mother dog to her puppies while they are still in the womb. Puppies can also acquire parasites when nursing from their mother or from contact with an unsanitary environment. If you’ve adopted a new puppy, make sure you ask your veterinarian about the best deworming schedule based on your puppy’s age and overall health. Most puppies will receive multiple doses of a broad spectrum dewormer during their first few months of life to ensure they have not contracted any parasites from their mother.

Conclusion

Worms are a common problem in dogs, but that doesn’t mean you’ll have to deal with worms forever! With appropriate treatment prescribed by your veterinarian, good sanitation, and preventive medications, your dog will be worm-free and back to his old self. Ask your veterinarian for the best products to help prevent and treat worms in a dog.